Projeto e construção de dispositivo para solidificação direcional e avaliação microestrutural de liga de alumínio solidificada direcionalmente
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Data
2019-11-22
Autores
Hamamura, Tânia Shizue Morandini
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O alumínio, metal mais utilizado em diversas aplicações cotidianas, possui extrema importância
no meio industrial. Um dos processos mais utilizados que garante um resultado com boas
propriedades para o metal é a solidificação direcional, processo alvo desse projeto no qual visase a construção de um dispositivo próprio para que uma liga de alumínio 356 passe pela
solidificação direcional e assim, possa-se avaliar seus resultados por meio de análise
micrográfica junto do software Image J. Após análises feitas a partir das imagens obtidas,
notou-se que o processo de solidificação direcional não foi bem sucedido, contudo pode ser
visto que as diferentes áreas da amostra apresentaram resultados diferentes em relação a
porosidade, em que a região mais próxima ao início da área que foi solidificada primeiro
apresentou maior porcentagem de poros mas com menor área. Este fato pode ser atribuído tanto
a contração volumétrica durante o processo, quanto a maior solubilidade de hidrogênio no metal
líquido se comparada ao metal sólido. Além disso, percebeu-se que os grãos são mais finos e
menores em regiões com maior extração de calor. Por fim, concluiu-se a importância do
processo e todas as condições a que ele é submetido, assim como verificou- se que a porosidade
é um dos fatores que mais influenciam no processamento e nas propriedades finais do material
Aluminum, the metal most used in many everyday applications, has extremely importance in the industrial environment. One of the most widely used processes that guarantees a successful with good properties for metal is directional solidification, the target process of this project which is aimed at the construction of a proper device for an aluminum alloy 356 through the solidification and thus, it is possible to evaluate its results by means of micrographic analysis with software Image J. After analysis made from the images obtained, it was noted that the directional solidification process was not successful, however it can be seen that the different areas of the sample presented different results in porosity, where the region closest to the beginning of the area that was solidified first presented higher percentage of pores but with smaller area. This fact can be explained by the volumetric contraction during the process and the higher solubility of hydrogen in the liquid metal compared to the solid metal. In addition, it was noted that grain are thinner and smaller in regions with higher heat extraction. Finally, it was concluded the importance of the process and all the conditions to which it is submitted, as well as porosity is one of the factors that most influence processing and final material properties
Aluminum, the metal most used in many everyday applications, has extremely importance in the industrial environment. One of the most widely used processes that guarantees a successful with good properties for metal is directional solidification, the target process of this project which is aimed at the construction of a proper device for an aluminum alloy 356 through the solidification and thus, it is possible to evaluate its results by means of micrographic analysis with software Image J. After analysis made from the images obtained, it was noted that the directional solidification process was not successful, however it can be seen that the different areas of the sample presented different results in porosity, where the region closest to the beginning of the area that was solidified first presented higher percentage of pores but with smaller area. This fact can be explained by the volumetric contraction during the process and the higher solubility of hydrogen in the liquid metal compared to the solid metal. In addition, it was noted that grain are thinner and smaller in regions with higher heat extraction. Finally, it was concluded the importance of the process and all the conditions to which it is submitted, as well as porosity is one of the factors that most influence processing and final material properties
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solidificação direcional, Microestrutura, Ligas de alumínio, Directional solidification, Microstructure, Aluminum alloys, Solidificação