Determinação das condições reacionais para extração em reator de micro-ondas de metabólitos secundários da espécie Hypericum Perforatum L. e seu potencial antimicrobiano
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Data
2022-07-06
Autores
Ferreira, Ive Costa Carvalho
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Devido aos incentivos advindos de diversos ramos da sociedade, o Brasil institui, por meio
do Decreto Nº 5.813, de 22 de junho de 2006, a Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e
Fitoterápicos, a qual apresenta as diretrizes para o uso consciente e correto de plantas medicinais no
Brasil, bem como o desenvolvimento de tecnologias nessa área. Diante desse cenário, este trabalho
propõe a avaliação das atividades biológicas da hipericina, metabólito secundário da espécie
Hypericum Perforatum L., popularmente conhecida no Brasil como Erva-de-são-joão. A partir de
amostras dessa planta, com a utilização de um reator de micro-ondas, foi possível realizar a
extração da hipericina, posteriormente comprovada pela leitura em espectrômetro UV, devido à
característica fotossensível desse composto. A extrações foram realizadas variando parâmetros
como solvente, temperatura e tempo no reator, o que possibilitou a determinação de um método
mais eficiente para extração da hipericina. Assim, a extração com a utilização de metanol como
solvente, à temperatura de 60°C pelo tempo de 20 minutos foi estabelecida como a metodologia
diferenciada. Concluindo com a avaliação biológica, foram realizados ensaios com a finalidade de
investigar a potencial atividade antimicrobiana do composto em questão, obtendo-se resultados
satisfatórios, sendo possível observar a inibição do crescimento de colônias do micro-organismo
Staphylococcus aureus.
Due to the incentives coming from different branches of society, Brazil instituted, through Decree No. 5.813, in june 22th, 2006, the National Policy on Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics, which of the guidelines for the conscious and correct use of medicinal plants in Brazil, as well as the development of technologies in this area. Given this scenario, this work proposes the evaluation of the biological activities of hypericin, a secondary metabolite of the species Hypericum Perforatum L., popularly known in Brazil as Erva-de-são-joão. From samples of this plant, using a microwave reactor, it was possible to extract hypericin, later confirmed by reading in a UV spectrometer, due to the photosensitive characteristic of this compound. The extractions were performed varying parameters such as solvent, temperature and time in the reactor, which made it possible to determine more efficient methods for extracting hypericin. Thereby, extraction using methanol as a solvent, at a temperature of 60°C for 20 minutes, was established as the most efficient methodology. Concluding with the biological evaluation, tests were performed in order to investigate the potential antimicrobial activity of the compound in question, obtaining satisfactory results, being possible to observe the inhibition of the growth of colonies of the microorganism Staphylococcus aureus.
Due to the incentives coming from different branches of society, Brazil instituted, through Decree No. 5.813, in june 22th, 2006, the National Policy on Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics, which of the guidelines for the conscious and correct use of medicinal plants in Brazil, as well as the development of technologies in this area. Given this scenario, this work proposes the evaluation of the biological activities of hypericin, a secondary metabolite of the species Hypericum Perforatum L., popularly known in Brazil as Erva-de-são-joão. From samples of this plant, using a microwave reactor, it was possible to extract hypericin, later confirmed by reading in a UV spectrometer, due to the photosensitive characteristic of this compound. The extractions were performed varying parameters such as solvent, temperature and time in the reactor, which made it possible to determine more efficient methods for extracting hypericin. Thereby, extraction using methanol as a solvent, at a temperature of 60°C for 20 minutes, was established as the most efficient methodology. Concluding with the biological evaluation, tests were performed in order to investigate the potential antimicrobial activity of the compound in question, obtaining satisfactory results, being possible to observe the inhibition of the growth of colonies of the microorganism Staphylococcus aureus.
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Palavras-chave
fitoterápicos, hipericina, Hypericum Perforatum L., reator de micro-ondas, atividade antimicrobiana, phytotherapics, hipericin, microwave reactor, antimicrobian activity