Efeitos da suplementação com aditivo fitogênico sobre o pH e nitrogênio amoniacal ruminal de bovinos recriados em pasto tropical no período chuvoso
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Data
2022-07-29
Autores
Souza, Willian Aparecido de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de aditivos de compostos naturais pode ser um método para garantir um melhor processo de fermentação, bem como a melhoria da eficiência de utilização de nitrogênio. Assim, o presente estudo avaliou o efeito da suplementação com o blend de aditivo fitogênico (óleos essenciais, taninos e saponinas) sobre o pH ruminal e nitrogênio amoniacal de bovinos recriados em pasto tropical na estação chuvosa. A hipótese de a inclusão de aditivos fitogênicos no suplemento ocasionará redução na produção de amônia no rúmen e mantença dos valores de pH constantes, foi testada em 9 novilhos Nelore com peso corporal médio (PC) de 262 ± 31,2 kg, canulados no rúmen, distribuídos em 3 quadrados latinos 3×3 simultâneos. Os animais foram alocados em 9 piquetes de Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu com 2,0 ha cada, adubado com 90 kg de N/ha e mantido com altura média de 27 cm. Os tratamentos experimentais avaliados foram: Suplementação mineral (SM); Suplementação com sal proteinado com ureia (0,1% PC) com inclusão de blend de aditivo fitogênico; Suplementação proteico-energética (0,3% PC) com inclusão de blend de aditivos fitogênicos. Os tratamentos foram avaliados durante 3 períodos experimentais de 28 dias cada, sendo os primeiros 21 dias para adaptação ao suplemento. Amostras de fluido ruminal foram coletadas nos dias 26, 27 e 28 de cada período experimental e em horários alternados: antes da suplementação (0 horas), após a suplementação (3, 6, 9 e 12 horas). O pH ruminal foi mensurado com um pHgametro digital. A análise da concentração de NAR foi realizada por destilação com KOH2M, em um procedimento de micro-Kjeldahl. Nos resultados de pH ruminal, não houve interação tratamento x tempo (P = 0,92) e não houve efeito dos tratamentos (P = 0,64), porém, o tempo após a suplementação influenciou no valor médio do pH ruminal (P ≤ 0,005). Não houve interação tratamento x tempo (P = 0,75) e não houve diferença na concentração de NAR entre os tratamentos (P = 0,34). A inclusão de um blend de aditivos fitogênicos no suplemento não proporcionou a redução na produção de amônia no rúmen e valores de pH constantes, e consequentemente efeitos na eficiência de utilização de nitrogênio pelos animais.
The use of natural compound additives can be a method to ensure a better fermentation process as well as improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. The present study evaluated the effect of supplementation with phytogenic additive (essential oils, tannins and saponins) on ruminal pH and ammoniacal nitrogen of cattle raised on tropical pasture in the rainy season. The hypothesis that the inclusion of phytogenic additives in the supplement will cause a reduction in the production of ammonia in the rumen and maintenance of constant pH values was tested in 9 Nellore steers with an average body weight (BW) of 262 ± 31.2 kg, cannulated in the rumen, distributed in 3 simultaneous 3×3 Latin squares. The animals were allocated in 9 paddocks of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu with 2.0 ha each, fertilized with 90 kg of N/ha and maintained at an average height of 27 cm. The experimental treatments evaluated were: Mineral supplementation (MS); Supplementation with ureia protein salt (0.1% PC) with inclusion of a phytogenic additive blend; Protein-energy supplementation (0.3% PC) with inclusion of a blend of phytogenic additives. The treatments were evaluated during 3 experimental periods of 28 days each, the first 21 days for adaptation to the supplement. Ruminal fluid samples were collected on days 26, 27 and 28 of each experimental period and at alternate times: before supplementation (0 hours), after supplementation (3, 6, 9 and 12 hours). Ruminal pH was measured with a digital pH meter. The analysis of the concentration of RAN was performed by distillation with KOH2M, in a micro-Kjeldahl procedure. In the results of ruminal pH, there was no interaction treatment x time (P = 0.92) and there was no effect of treatments (P = 0.64), however, the time after supplementation influenced the mean value of ruminal pH (P ≤ 0.005). There was no treatment x time interaction (P = 0.75) and there was no difference in RAN concentration between treatments (P = 0.34). The inclusion of a blend of phytogenic additives in the supplement did not provide a reduction in the production of ammonia in the rumen and constant pH values, and consequently effects on the efficiency of nitrogen use by the animals.
The use of natural compound additives can be a method to ensure a better fermentation process as well as improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. The present study evaluated the effect of supplementation with phytogenic additive (essential oils, tannins and saponins) on ruminal pH and ammoniacal nitrogen of cattle raised on tropical pasture in the rainy season. The hypothesis that the inclusion of phytogenic additives in the supplement will cause a reduction in the production of ammonia in the rumen and maintenance of constant pH values was tested in 9 Nellore steers with an average body weight (BW) of 262 ± 31.2 kg, cannulated in the rumen, distributed in 3 simultaneous 3×3 Latin squares. The animals were allocated in 9 paddocks of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu with 2.0 ha each, fertilized with 90 kg of N/ha and maintained at an average height of 27 cm. The experimental treatments evaluated were: Mineral supplementation (MS); Supplementation with ureia protein salt (0.1% PC) with inclusion of a phytogenic additive blend; Protein-energy supplementation (0.3% PC) with inclusion of a blend of phytogenic additives. The treatments were evaluated during 3 experimental periods of 28 days each, the first 21 days for adaptation to the supplement. Ruminal fluid samples were collected on days 26, 27 and 28 of each experimental period and at alternate times: before supplementation (0 hours), after supplementation (3, 6, 9 and 12 hours). Ruminal pH was measured with a digital pH meter. The analysis of the concentration of RAN was performed by distillation with KOH2M, in a micro-Kjeldahl procedure. In the results of ruminal pH, there was no interaction treatment x time (P = 0.92) and there was no effect of treatments (P = 0.64), however, the time after supplementation influenced the mean value of ruminal pH (P ≤ 0.005). There was no treatment x time interaction (P = 0.75) and there was no difference in RAN concentration between treatments (P = 0.34). The inclusion of a blend of phytogenic additives in the supplement did not provide a reduction in the production of ammonia in the rumen and constant pH values, and consequently effects on the efficiency of nitrogen use by the animals.
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Palavras-chave
Aditivos, Rúmen, Metabolismo, Pastagens para gado