Avaliação de cultivares de amendoim para resistência a Spodoptera frugiperda
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Data
2011-01-01
Autores
Campos, Aniele Pianoscki de [UNESP]
Boiça Junior, Arlindo Leal [UNESP]
Jesus, Flávio Gonçalves de [UNESP]
Godoy, Ignácio José de
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Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar cultivares de amendoim com resistência a Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), determinando os graus de resistência por meio da análise univariada e multivariada. Utilizaram-se cultivares de amendoim de hábitos de crescimento ereto (IAC 5, IAC 8112, IAC 22 e IAC Tatu ST) e rasteiro (IAC 503, IAC 505, IAC 147, IAC 125, IAC Caiapó e IAC Runner 886), semeadas em campo. Lagartas de primeiro ínstar foram individualizadas em placas de Petri forradas com papel filtro umedecido e mantidas sob condições controladas de temperatura (25 ± 2 °C), umidade (60 ± 10%) e fotofase (12 horas). Utilizaram-se cinco repetições de dez lagartas (recém-eclodidas), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Diariamente, foram fornecidos folíolos novos, lavados com solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1%. Avaliaram-se a duração (dias), a massa (mg) e a viabilidade (%) dos períodos larval e pupal, a razão sexual, longevidade e fecundidade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05), além da análise de agrupamento e de componentes principais. As cultivares de hábito de crescimento ereto, IAC 22, e rasteiro, IAC Runner 886, foram menos adequadas ao desenvolvimento do inseto, interferindo nas fases larval e pupal de S. frugiperda, demonstrando resistência moderada do tipo antibiose.
This study aimed to identify peanut cultivars resistant to Spodoptera frugiperda by determining the degree of resistance through univariate and multivariate analyses. The genetic material under evaluation comprised cultivars of the upright growth habit (IAC 5, IAC 8112, IAC 22 and IAC Tatu ST) and runner growth habit (IAC 503, IAC 505, IAC 147, IAC 125, IAC Caiapó and IAC Runner 886), grown under field conditions. Individual first instar larvae were placed in Petri dishes, on humidified filter paper, and maintained under controlled conditions of temperature (25±2 °C), humidity (60±10%) and photophase (12 hours). Ten newly hatched caterpillars were arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. New leaves previously washed with 1% sodium hypochlorite were provided daily. The duration (days), weight (mg) and viability (%) of larval and pupal periods, the sex ratio, adult longevity and adult female fecundity were evaluated. All data recorded were submitted to analysis of variance by F test, and treatments were compared by the Tukey test (p<0.05). Additionally, clustering and principal components analyses were performed. The cultivar IAC 22, of upright growth habit, and Runner IAC 886, of runner growth habit, were the least favorable substrates for the insect development, indicating resistance to S. frugiperda.
This study aimed to identify peanut cultivars resistant to Spodoptera frugiperda by determining the degree of resistance through univariate and multivariate analyses. The genetic material under evaluation comprised cultivars of the upright growth habit (IAC 5, IAC 8112, IAC 22 and IAC Tatu ST) and runner growth habit (IAC 503, IAC 505, IAC 147, IAC 125, IAC Caiapó and IAC Runner 886), grown under field conditions. Individual first instar larvae were placed in Petri dishes, on humidified filter paper, and maintained under controlled conditions of temperature (25±2 °C), humidity (60±10%) and photophase (12 hours). Ten newly hatched caterpillars were arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. New leaves previously washed with 1% sodium hypochlorite were provided daily. The duration (days), weight (mg) and viability (%) of larval and pupal periods, the sex ratio, adult longevity and adult female fecundity were evaluated. All data recorded were submitted to analysis of variance by F test, and treatments were compared by the Tukey test (p<0.05). Additionally, clustering and principal components analyses were performed. The cultivar IAC 22, of upright growth habit, and Runner IAC 886, of runner growth habit, were the least favorable substrates for the insect development, indicating resistance to S. frugiperda.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fall armyworm, Arachis hypogaea, Cultivars, Host plant resistance, Multivariate analysis, Lagarta do cartucho, Arachis hypogaea, Cultivares, Resistência de plantas, Análise multivariada
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 70, n. 2, p. 349-355, 2011.