Peritonite infecciosa felina: manifestações oculares
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Data
2023-01-19
Autores
Micheline, Laura
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A peritonite infecciosa felina (PIF), importante causa de morte em felinos,
ocorre após uma mutação endógena em gatos infectados via oral-fecal com o
coronavírus felino (CoVF). A apresentação clínica é consequência da vasculite
granulomatosa e depende da formação de piogranulomas em órgãos como os rins,
fígado, intestinos, linfonodos mesentéricos, cérebro e olhos. Efusões, hipertermia,
letargia, anorexia e perda de peso são comuns, essa variedade e inespecificidade
de sinais clínicos são desafiadoras para o diagnóstico precoce e ante mortem. O
padrão ouro para diagnóstico é por meio de imuno-histoquímica de tecidos
lesionados coletados através de biópsia cirúrgica, porém valores elevados de carga
viral em testes RT-qPCR de efusões, sangue, tecidos e humor aquoso são
altamente sugestivos de PIF. O objetivo dessa revisão foi apresentar aspectos
importantes associados à PIF e os sinais oftalmológicos associados a esta doença.
Os Sinais oculares de uveíte anterior e coriorretinite são comuns, em especial na
forma não efusiva, e frequentemente diagnosticados antes mesmo dos sistêmicos,
saber identificá-los e realizar exames complementares é fundamental para
diagnóstico precoce e melhor prognóstico da doença. Pesquisas recentes
descrevem antiviral eficaz no tratamento da PIF, este ainda não está disponível em
muitos países, porém apresenta-se como interessante perspectiva futura.
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), an important cause of death in felines, occurs after an endogenous mutation in cats infected via fecal-oral with the feline coronavirus (FCoV). The clinical presentation is a consequence of granulomatous vasculitis and depends on the formation of pyogranulomas in organs such as the kidneys, liver, intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, brain and eyes. Effusions, hyperthermia, lethargy, anorexia and weight loss are common, this variety and nonspecificity of clinical signs are challenging for early and ante mortem diagnosis. The gold standard diagnosis is throug immunohistochemistry of injured tissues, collected through surgical biopsy; however high viral load values in RT- qPCR tests of effusions, blood, tissues and aqueous humor are highly suggestive of FIP. The objective of this review was to present important aspects associated with FIP and the ophthalmological signs associated with this disease. Ocular signs of anterior uveitis and chorioretinitis are common, especially in the non-effusive form, and are often observed even before the systemic ones, knowing how to identify them and perform complementary tests is essential for early diagnosis and better prognosis of the disease. Recent researches describe an effective antiviral in the treatment of FIP, it is not yet available in many countries, but it presents itself as an interesting future perspective
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), an important cause of death in felines, occurs after an endogenous mutation in cats infected via fecal-oral with the feline coronavirus (FCoV). The clinical presentation is a consequence of granulomatous vasculitis and depends on the formation of pyogranulomas in organs such as the kidneys, liver, intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, brain and eyes. Effusions, hyperthermia, lethargy, anorexia and weight loss are common, this variety and nonspecificity of clinical signs are challenging for early and ante mortem diagnosis. The gold standard diagnosis is throug immunohistochemistry of injured tissues, collected through surgical biopsy; however high viral load values in RT- qPCR tests of effusions, blood, tissues and aqueous humor are highly suggestive of FIP. The objective of this review was to present important aspects associated with FIP and the ophthalmological signs associated with this disease. Ocular signs of anterior uveitis and chorioretinitis are common, especially in the non-effusive form, and are often observed even before the systemic ones, knowing how to identify them and perform complementary tests is essential for early diagnosis and better prognosis of the disease. Recent researches describe an effective antiviral in the treatment of FIP, it is not yet available in many countries, but it presents itself as an interesting future perspective
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coronavírus felino, Gato, Oftalmologia, Uveíte, Feline coronavirus, Cat, Ophthalmology, Uveitis