O envelhecimento do ser no espaço: memórias de idosos em contextos de luta e conquista da terra no Pontal do Paranapanema - São Paulo - Brasil
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Data
2022-09-27
Autores
Oliveira, Fernando Henrique Ferreira de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo principal desta tese é compreender como se constrói a experiência do envelhecimento rural e identificar as estratégias de resistência e a espacialidade desenvolvidas pelos idosos no contexto de luta, conquista e formação do acampamento Gercina Mendes e do assentamento Água Sumida. Discute-se também como o envelhecimento é visto na geografia e sua relação com as dimensões espaciais e sociais dos sujeitos. Partindo de um referencial teórico para a geografia do envelhecimento, propomos uma compreensão de como os conceitos espaciais desempenham um papel no exame do envelhecimento em áreas de conflito agrários, justificando uma análise relacional, com foco em múltiplos sujeitos sociais, e para além do mundo dos adultos. Para tanto, tomamos como eixo central a relação entre envelhecimento e espaço na trajetória de pessoas idosas em situações de acampamento e assentamento no Pontal do Paranapanema – São Paulo. História oral, reconstrução de memórias e uso do caderno de campo foram estratégias para geração de dados de envelhecimento. Nossa tese levanta a hipótese de que o envelhecimento constrói espaços específicos relacionados ao uso espacial e temporal em acampamentos e assentamentos, onde o trabalho é a base para que os idosos do meio rural percebam a velhice. Esses sujeitos produzem espacialidade por meio de seus corpos, práticas e relações sociais espacialmente relacionadas. Casas e lotes são entendidos como espaços de memória e trabalho, e a terra como meio de reprodução da vida. De modo geral, o trabalho apresenta as múltiplas possibilidades de se estudar a idade por meio da geografia, buscando ampliar e aprofundar a compreensão do envelhecimento a partir das dimensões dos sujeitos sociais e do espaço, aqui entendido por meio de princípios de indissociabilidade e multidimensionalidade.
The main objective of this thesis is to understand how the experience of rural aging is constructed and to identify the resistance strategies and spatiality developed by the elderly in the context of struggle, conquest and formation of the Gercina Mendes camp and the Água Sumida settlement. It also discusses how aging is seen in geography and its relationship with the spatial and social dimensions of subjects. Starting from a theoretical framework for the geography of aging, we propose an understanding of how spatial concepts play a role in the examination of aging in areas of agrarian conflict, justifying a relational analysis, focusing on multiple social subjects, and beyond the world of adults. For that, we take as a central axis the relationship between aging and space in the trajectory of elderly people in situations of encampment and settlement in Pontal do Paranapanema - São Paulo. Oral history, memory reconstruction and use of the field notebook were strategies to generate aging data. Our thesis raises the hypothesis that aging builds specific spaces related to spatial and temporal use in camps and settlements, where work is the basis for the elderly in rural areas to perceive old age. These subjects produce spatiality through their bodies, practices and spatially related social relations. Houses and lots are understood as spaces of memory and work, and the land as a means of reproducing life. In general, the work presents the multiple possibilities of studying age through geography, seeking to broaden and deepen the understanding of aging from the dimensions of social subjects and space, understood here through principles of inseparability and multidimensionality.
The main objective of this thesis is to understand how the experience of rural aging is constructed and to identify the resistance strategies and spatiality developed by the elderly in the context of struggle, conquest and formation of the Gercina Mendes camp and the Água Sumida settlement. It also discusses how aging is seen in geography and its relationship with the spatial and social dimensions of subjects. Starting from a theoretical framework for the geography of aging, we propose an understanding of how spatial concepts play a role in the examination of aging in areas of agrarian conflict, justifying a relational analysis, focusing on multiple social subjects, and beyond the world of adults. For that, we take as a central axis the relationship between aging and space in the trajectory of elderly people in situations of encampment and settlement in Pontal do Paranapanema - São Paulo. Oral history, memory reconstruction and use of the field notebook were strategies to generate aging data. Our thesis raises the hypothesis that aging builds specific spaces related to spatial and temporal use in camps and settlements, where work is the basis for the elderly in rural areas to perceive old age. These subjects produce spatiality through their bodies, practices and spatially related social relations. Houses and lots are understood as spaces of memory and work, and the land as a means of reproducing life. In general, the work presents the multiple possibilities of studying age through geography, seeking to broaden and deepen the understanding of aging from the dimensions of social subjects and space, understood here through principles of inseparability and multidimensionality.
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Palavras-chave
Espaço, Envelhecimento, Idosos(as), Assentamento, Acampamento, Space, Aging, Elderly(s), Settlement, Camping