Avaliação da resposta fisiológica de Fusarium sp. exposto a extratos brutos, frações e amida isolada de espécies do gênero Piper
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Data
2023-02-03
Autores
Amancio, Ilca Fabiane Nogueira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As espécies do gênero Piper caracterizam-se por apresentar alta diversidade química relacionada as diferentes classes de metabólitos secundários, tais com amidas isobutílicas, piperidínicas e pirrolidínicas, cromenos, derivados prenilados do ácido benzoico, flavonoides, lignanas, fenilpropanoides, terpenos, entre outros. Várias amidas foram isoladas de espécies do gênero Piper e estas atraem interesse para aplicação agrícola, pois tem demonstrado propriedades inseticidas e fungicidas. Piper arboreum e Piper tuberculatum contém amidas que apresentaram atividade antifúngica contra o fungo do gênero Cladosporium. Diante disso este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial antifúngico dos extratos brutos, frações e amida isolada de P. arboreum e P. tuberculatum sobre cultura in vitro de fungo do gênero Fusarium sp. Investigou o mecanismo de ação antifúngico por meio da determinação da atividade pró e oxidativa dos extratos, frações e compostos isolados sobre cultura de Fusarium sp. exposta aos mesmos, por meio da determinação das enzimas antioxidantes. Na avaliação antifúngica por meio de cultura em placas os extratos e frações inibiram o crescimento das culturas expostas aos mesmos. Estes, resultados corroboram com os ensaios de microduluição e fermentação submerça, destacando-se a espécie P. tuberculatum. Os ensaios pró-oxidantes e de determinação das enzimas antioxidantes em cultura de Fusarium sp. expostas aos extratos, fração e amida isolada de P. tuberculatum resultaram em um possível mecanismo de ação para estes compostos, pois tanto a ação pró como a oxidativa foi aumentada nas culturas tratadas, o que resultou na diminuição considerável do crescimento micelial e da biomassa final da cultura. Perante o exposto é possível concluir que as espécies do gênero Piper avaliadas neste estudo apresentaram potencial para inibição do crescimento micelial em cultura de Fusarium sp. Os extratos, frações e amida demonstraram atividades antifúngicas e/ou fungiostáticas, sendo a atividade pró-oxidativa e oxidante possivelmente seu principal mecanismo de ação.
Species of the genus Piper are characterized by high chemical diversity related to different classes of secondary metabolites, such as isobutyl, piperidine and pyrrolidine amides, chromenes, prenylated derivatives of benzoic acid, flavonoids, lignans, phenylpropanoids, terpenes, among others. Several amides have been isolated from species of the genus Piper and these are of interest for agricultural application, as they have demonstrated insecticidal and fungicidal properties. Piper arboreum and Piper tuberculatum contain amides that showed antifungal activity against the fungus of the genus Cladosporium. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of crude extracts, fractions and isolated amide of P. arboreum and P. tuberculatum on in vitro culture of fungus of the genus Fusarium sp. Investigated the mechanism of antifungal action by determining the pro and oxidative activity of extracts, fractions and compounds isolated on Fusarium sp. culture exposed to them, by means of the determination of antioxidant enzymes. In the antifungal evaluation through plate culture, the extracts and fractions inhibited growth in cultures exposed to them, similar results were also observed for the microdulution and submerged fermentation assays, with emphasis on the P. tuberculatum species. The pro-oxidant assays and determination of antioxidant enzymes in Fusarium sp. culture exposed to extracts, fraction and isolated amide of P. tuberculatum resulted in a possible mechanism of action for these compounds, since both the pro and oxidative action was increased in the treated cultures, which resulted in a considerable decrease in mycelial growth and in the final biomass of the culture. Given this, it is possible to conclude that the species of the genus Piper evaluated in this study showed potential for inhibiting mycelial growth in Fusarium sp. The extracts, fractions and amide demonstrated antifungal and/or fungiostatic activities, with pro-oxidative and oxidant activity possibly being its main mechanism of action.
Species of the genus Piper are characterized by high chemical diversity related to different classes of secondary metabolites, such as isobutyl, piperidine and pyrrolidine amides, chromenes, prenylated derivatives of benzoic acid, flavonoids, lignans, phenylpropanoids, terpenes, among others. Several amides have been isolated from species of the genus Piper and these are of interest for agricultural application, as they have demonstrated insecticidal and fungicidal properties. Piper arboreum and Piper tuberculatum contain amides that showed antifungal activity against the fungus of the genus Cladosporium. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of crude extracts, fractions and isolated amide of P. arboreum and P. tuberculatum on in vitro culture of fungus of the genus Fusarium sp. Investigated the mechanism of antifungal action by determining the pro and oxidative activity of extracts, fractions and compounds isolated on Fusarium sp. culture exposed to them, by means of the determination of antioxidant enzymes. In the antifungal evaluation through plate culture, the extracts and fractions inhibited growth in cultures exposed to them, similar results were also observed for the microdulution and submerged fermentation assays, with emphasis on the P. tuberculatum species. The pro-oxidant assays and determination of antioxidant enzymes in Fusarium sp. culture exposed to extracts, fraction and isolated amide of P. tuberculatum resulted in a possible mechanism of action for these compounds, since both the pro and oxidative action was increased in the treated cultures, which resulted in a considerable decrease in mycelial growth and in the final biomass of the culture. Given this, it is possible to conclude that the species of the genus Piper evaluated in this study showed potential for inhibiting mycelial growth in Fusarium sp. The extracts, fractions and amide demonstrated antifungal and/or fungiostatic activities, with pro-oxidative and oxidant activity possibly being its main mechanism of action.
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Palavras-chave
Fusarium, Estresse oxidativo, Extratos vegetais, Fungicidas, Antioxidantes