Impact of drainage system concepts in urban metabolism
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Data
2023-04-14
Autores
Garcia, Maria Vitória da Silva
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As mudanças climáticas estão afetando significativamente o meio ambiente, e atualmente são necessárias mudanças seja em comportamento ou ações governamentais, para reduzir esses impactos. Então paralelamente a isso é necessário a implantação de medidas em diversas áreas, inclusive e de extrema importância no planejamento, implantação e operação de águas urbanas, de maneira que durante essas fases sejam considerados o sistema como um todo. O que é explicado através do metabolismo da água que apresenta a transformação que ocorre com as águas no ambiente urbano e suas demandas e emissões. Nesse processo pode ser considerado a demanda de água de precipitação, superficial e subterrânea, a transformação, geração e transporte de efluentes, gases de efeito estufa, poluentes e outros. Indicadores os quais podem ser mensurados e considerado através de modelos específicos de metabolismo, como o Watermet². Os sistemas de drenagem urbana atualmente são comumente projetados conforme sua performance em determinados índices, seja em sua eficiência quanto seus impactos, porém estes últimos indicadores são escolhidos de diversas formas. Este trabalho tem o foco em mostrar como a performance do sistema de drenagem urbana impacta nos processos metabólicos urbanos, ou seja, por meio da análise da eficiência em função de um objetivo ou redução de impactos, à luz do fluxo natural. Para isso foi utilizado o software Watermet² onde após um teste de sensibilidade foram inseridos dados com o intuito de simular os diversos sistemas de drenagem urbana sustentável, o qual mostrou que praticamente todos as variáveis inseridas são importantes para o sistema. Revela-se que este software (Watermet²) pode ser aplicado pelos tomadores de decisão com o objetivo de promover a gestão e adaptação para um sistema de drenagem integrado, com baixo impacto em todo o sistema e melhorar a resiliência urbana às mudanças climáticas, pois este demonstrou-se ser sensível as alterações de concepções de tipos drenagem urbana.. Assim como também este software se mostra capaz de mensurar os indicadores de performance metabólica do sistema de maneira direta, tornando-o ideal para auxiliar juntamente a outras ferramentas de projeto. Com o software e o processo é possível uma padronização dos fundamentos e consequentemente os indicadores-chave de desempenho em uma análise de performance específica de drenagem urbana. Com este é possível também a determinação de uma melhor hipótese dentro das alternativas previstas, sendo neste estudo de caso e com os pesos determinados concluído como o pavimento permeável.
Climate change is significantly affecting the environment, and we currently find ourselves in a time where changes are needed, whether in behaviour or governmental actions to reduce these impacts. So, in parallel, it is necessary to implement measures in diverse areas, including and of extreme importance in the planning, implementation, and operation of urban waters, so that during these phases the system is considered. What is explained through the water metabolism, presents the transformation that occurs with the urban environment waters and its demands and emissions. In this process, the demand for precipitation, surface and underground water, and the transformation, generation and transport of effluents, greenhouse gases, pollutants and others can be considered. These indicators can be measured and considered through specific models of metabolism, such as Watermet². Currently, urban drainage systems are commonly designed according to their performance in specific indices, whether in terms of their efficiency or their impacts. Still, these last indicators are chosen in unusual ways. This work focuses on showing how the performance of the urban drainage system impacts in the urban metabolic processes, that is, through the analysis of efficiency in terms of an objective or reduction of impacts, in light of the natural flow. For this, the Watermet² software was used, where, after a sensitivity test, the data was inserted to simulate the various sustainable urban drainage systems, which showed that all the inserted variables are important for the process. It is revealed that this software (Watermet²) can be applied by decision makers to promote management and adaptation to an integrated drainage system, with low impact on the entire system and that improves urban resilience to climate change, as this proved to be sensitive to conceptions changes in urban drainage types. As well as this software can measure the metabolic performance indicators of the system directly, making it ideal to help along with other design tools. With the software and the process, it is possible to standardize the fundamentals and, consequently, the key performance indicators in a specific performance analysis of urban drainage. With this method it is also possible to determine a better hypothesis among the alternatives, being in this case study and with the determined weights concluded as the permeable pavement.
Climate change is significantly affecting the environment, and we currently find ourselves in a time where changes are needed, whether in behaviour or governmental actions to reduce these impacts. So, in parallel, it is necessary to implement measures in diverse areas, including and of extreme importance in the planning, implementation, and operation of urban waters, so that during these phases the system is considered. What is explained through the water metabolism, presents the transformation that occurs with the urban environment waters and its demands and emissions. In this process, the demand for precipitation, surface and underground water, and the transformation, generation and transport of effluents, greenhouse gases, pollutants and others can be considered. These indicators can be measured and considered through specific models of metabolism, such as Watermet². Currently, urban drainage systems are commonly designed according to their performance in specific indices, whether in terms of their efficiency or their impacts. Still, these last indicators are chosen in unusual ways. This work focuses on showing how the performance of the urban drainage system impacts in the urban metabolic processes, that is, through the analysis of efficiency in terms of an objective or reduction of impacts, in light of the natural flow. For this, the Watermet² software was used, where, after a sensitivity test, the data was inserted to simulate the various sustainable urban drainage systems, which showed that all the inserted variables are important for the process. It is revealed that this software (Watermet²) can be applied by decision makers to promote management and adaptation to an integrated drainage system, with low impact on the entire system and that improves urban resilience to climate change, as this proved to be sensitive to conceptions changes in urban drainage types. As well as this software can measure the metabolic performance indicators of the system directly, making it ideal to help along with other design tools. With the software and the process, it is possible to standardize the fundamentals and, consequently, the key performance indicators in a specific performance analysis of urban drainage. With this method it is also possible to determine a better hypothesis among the alternatives, being in this case study and with the determined weights concluded as the permeable pavement.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sistema metabólico, Drenagem urbana, Tomada de decisão, SUDS, Performance, Metabolic system, Urban drainage, Decision making, Performance