Quando as emoções atravessam as justificações recíprocas: a influência dos afetos no processo deliberativo das discussões do cacs-fundeb
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Data
2023-03-30
Autores
Amôr, Ana Cristina Consalter
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A tese parte da hipótese de que o processo deliberativo dos conselhos municipais, espaços de participação política, está atravessado por afetos na formação de preferências e pontos de vista e, por isso, a deliberação, neste caso face a face, não pode ser entendida como um processo puramente racional. O que ocorre nesses conselhos, espaços de comunicação e participação política se apresenta de forma dialógica e pode sofrer influência das emoções e das histórias de vida, o que pode estreitar ou distanciar os laços entre sociedade, cidadãos e governos. Ao tratar manifestações afetivas como expressões potencialmente deliberativas, o trabalho chama a atenção para a relevância de discutir emoções dentro de uma perspectiva deliberacionista. Nesse sentido, pretende-se, de um modo geral, verificar como as pessoas modelam a produção da sua justificação recíproca, o trabalho de elaborar um argumento, apresentá-lo, modificá-lo ou silenciá-lo. A proposta também: a) analisa o processo deliberativo e o papel dos afetos e das biografias pessoais nos Conselhos Municipais de Educação; b) verifica a arquitetura da participação e o processo deliberativo em colegiados formais a partir da perspectiva das histórias de vida, do humor, da mudez e dos afetos, em ambiente controlado, das reuniões ordinárias dos Conselhos de Acompanhamento e Controle Social do Fundeb, dos municípios de Cabrália Paulista, Marília e Campinas; c) compreende como os afetos, a mudez, o humor, o sarcasmo, as histórias de vida constituem a performance dos atores e a construção de seus argumentos. Além da revisão bibliográfica, a pesquisa utilizou a observação de três reuniões de cada um dos Conselhos de cada município, e a realização de entrevistas em profundidade com três membros de cada conselho. A proposta utilizou também a metodologia dos Momentos Transformativos da Deliberação (Deliberative Transformative Momentos - DTM), desenvolvida por Steiner et al (2019), e uma análise qualitativa própria, que parte do critério léxico, definido por uma tipologia dos afetos. Os resultados nos permitem concluir que este espaço controlado de participação política é, de fato, atravessado pelos afetos, mesmo que de maneira tímida, que vez ou outra constituem os argumentos, as expressões verbais e faciais, e colaboram na sustentação do debate, mas não necessariamente estariam vinculados à melhoria e intensidade do mesmo.
The thesis starts from the hypothesis that the deliberative process of the municipal councils, spaces of political participation, is crossed by affections in the formation of preferences and points of view and, therefore, the deliberation, in this case face to face, cannot be understood as a purely rational process. What happens in these councils, spaces for communication and political participation, is presented in a dialogical way and can be influenced by emotions and life stories, which can strengthen or distance the ties between society, citizens and governments. By treating affective manifestations as potentially deliberative expressions, the work draws attention to the relevance of discussing emotions within a deliberationist perspective. In this sense, it is intended, in general, to verify how people model the production of their reciprocal justification, the work of elaborating an argument, presenting it, modifying it or silencing it. The proposal also: a) analyzes the deliberative process and the role of affections and personal biographies in Municipal Education Councils; b) verifies the architecture of participation and the deliberative process in formal collegiate bodies from the perspective of life stories, humor, muteness and affections, in a controlled environment, of the ordinary meetings of the Monitoring and Social Control Councils of Fundeb, of the municipalities of Cabrália Paulista, Marília and Campinas; c) understands how affections, muteness, humor, sarcasm, life stories constitute the actors' performance and the construction of their arguments. In addition to the bibliographic review, the research used the observation of three meetings of each of the Councils of each municipality and conducting in depth interviews with three members of each council. The proposal also used the methodology of Deliberative Transformative Moments (DTM), developed by Steiner et al (2019), and a qualitative analysis itself, which starts from the lexical criterion, defined by a typology of affects. The results allow us to conclude that this controlled space of political participation is, in fact, crossed by affections, even if in a timid way, which occasionally constitute arguments, verbal and facial expressions, and collaborate in sustaining the debate, but not would necessarily be linked to its improvement and intensity
The thesis starts from the hypothesis that the deliberative process of the municipal councils, spaces of political participation, is crossed by affections in the formation of preferences and points of view and, therefore, the deliberation, in this case face to face, cannot be understood as a purely rational process. What happens in these councils, spaces for communication and political participation, is presented in a dialogical way and can be influenced by emotions and life stories, which can strengthen or distance the ties between society, citizens and governments. By treating affective manifestations as potentially deliberative expressions, the work draws attention to the relevance of discussing emotions within a deliberationist perspective. In this sense, it is intended, in general, to verify how people model the production of their reciprocal justification, the work of elaborating an argument, presenting it, modifying it or silencing it. The proposal also: a) analyzes the deliberative process and the role of affections and personal biographies in Municipal Education Councils; b) verifies the architecture of participation and the deliberative process in formal collegiate bodies from the perspective of life stories, humor, muteness and affections, in a controlled environment, of the ordinary meetings of the Monitoring and Social Control Councils of Fundeb, of the municipalities of Cabrália Paulista, Marília and Campinas; c) understands how affections, muteness, humor, sarcasm, life stories constitute the actors' performance and the construction of their arguments. In addition to the bibliographic review, the research used the observation of three meetings of each of the Councils of each municipality and conducting in depth interviews with three members of each council. The proposal also used the methodology of Deliberative Transformative Moments (DTM), developed by Steiner et al (2019), and a qualitative analysis itself, which starts from the lexical criterion, defined by a typology of affects. The results allow us to conclude that this controlled space of political participation is, in fact, crossed by affections, even if in a timid way, which occasionally constitute arguments, verbal and facial expressions, and collaborate in sustaining the debate, but not would necessarily be linked to its improvement and intensity
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Palavras-chave
Comunicação, Comunicação e expressão, Democracia Deliberativa, Deliberative Democracy, Participação, Emoções, Sentimentos