Mecanismos de tolerância ao alumínio em plantas de quinoa
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Data
2023-04-28
Autores
Prado, Emilaine da Rocha
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A toxicidade do alumínio (Al) é o fator mais limitante para a agricultura tropical e subtropical. A cultura da quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), identificada como alimento do futuro, será implantada neste contexto de solos ácidos e de alta concentração de Al solúvel e tóxico, mas não há relatos científicos sobre os efeitos deste elemento na fisiologia, bioquímica e metabolismo desta espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar mecanismos de tolerância ao Al em quinoa BRS Piabiru quando submetida a níveis baixos e altos de Al3+. O experimento foi realizado em sala controlada e sistema hidropônico em pH 4, com 6 concentrações de Al (0, 0,2, 1, 5, 25 e 125 mg L-1) na forma de cloreto de alumínio. As plantas foram coletadas aos 60 dias após o plantio (DAP). Folhas de plantas tratadas com as maiores concentrações de Al (25 e 125 mg L-1) apresentaram aumento no conteúdo MDA e atividade de algumas enzimas (SOD e GSH-Px). A maior massa seca de planta foi obtida no tratamento controle e 0,2 mg L-1, que obteve maior massa seca de raízes. A massa seca da quinoa e os parâmetros biométricos das plantas foram gradualmente reduzidos à medida que as concentrações de alumínio foram aumentadas. As plantas com menor concentração de Al acumularam mais açúcares totais, produziram mais carotenoides, além de aumento no conteúdo de prolina, atividade de GPOX em folhas, além de maior volume das raízes. Este pode ser um dos mecanismos de tolerância das plantas de quinoa sob exposição ao Al.
– Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the most limiting factor for tropical and subtropical agriculture. The culture of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), identified as food of the future, will be implemented in this context of acidic soils and high concentration of soluble and toxic Al, and there are no scientific reports about the mechanisms of tolerance of the crop to stresses by Al. The aim of this work was to investigated mechanisms of Al tolerance in quinoa BRS Piabiru when submitted to lower and high levels of Al3+. The experiment was carried out in a controlled room and hydroponic system at pH 4, with 6 concentrations of Al (0, 0.2, 1, 5, 25 and 125 mg L1 ) in the form of aluminum chloride. Plants were collected at 60 days after planting (DAP). Plants with the highest concentration of Al (25 and 125 mg L-1 ) increased MDA and some enzymes activities (SOD and GSH-Px). The highest dry mass of plant was obtained in the control treatment and 0.2 mg Al L-1 , which obtained highest roots dry mass. Dry mass of quinoa and biometrics parameters of plants were gradually reduced as aluminum concentrations were increased. Plants with the lowest concentration of Al accumulated more total sugars, produced more carotenoids, proline content, GPOX activity and roots volume were increased. This may be the tolerance mechanism of quinoa plants under Al exposure.
– Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the most limiting factor for tropical and subtropical agriculture. The culture of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), identified as food of the future, will be implemented in this context of acidic soils and high concentration of soluble and toxic Al, and there are no scientific reports about the mechanisms of tolerance of the crop to stresses by Al. The aim of this work was to investigated mechanisms of Al tolerance in quinoa BRS Piabiru when submitted to lower and high levels of Al3+. The experiment was carried out in a controlled room and hydroponic system at pH 4, with 6 concentrations of Al (0, 0.2, 1, 5, 25 and 125 mg L1 ) in the form of aluminum chloride. Plants were collected at 60 days after planting (DAP). Plants with the highest concentration of Al (25 and 125 mg L-1 ) increased MDA and some enzymes activities (SOD and GSH-Px). The highest dry mass of plant was obtained in the control treatment and 0.2 mg Al L-1 , which obtained highest roots dry mass. Dry mass of quinoa and biometrics parameters of plants were gradually reduced as aluminum concentrations were increased. Plants with the lowest concentration of Al accumulated more total sugars, produced more carotenoids, proline content, GPOX activity and roots volume were increased. This may be the tolerance mechanism of quinoa plants under Al exposure.
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Palavras-chave
Chenopodium quinoa, Estresse oxidativo, Sistema antioxidante, Toxicidade