Variabilidade espacial e controle estatístico do processo de perdas na colheita mecanizada do algodoeiro
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Data
2007-12-01
Autores
Silva, Rouverson P. [UNESP]
Souza, Fábio G. [UNESP]
Cortez, Jorge W. [UNESP]
Furlani, Carlos E. A. [UNESP]
Vigna, Gustavo P. [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola (SBEA)
Resumo
Dentro do processo produtivo, a colheita, se mal conduzida, poderá causar prejuízos quali-quantitativos no produto final. Dessa forma, esse trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar as perdas quantitativas, no solo e na planta, na colheita mecanizada de algodão, no ano agrícola de 2006, em Ipameri-GO, em um talhão de 1,4 ha, sendo georreferenciados 41 pontos, distanciados de 50 m no sentido da curva de nível e 9 m entre fileiras. As amostras foram coletadas colocando-se uma armação de 4,5 m² sobre o solo, coletando todo o algodão caído no solo e, em seguida, fez-se a coleta do algodão que permaneceu na planta após a passagem da colhedora. Além das perdas quantitativas determinaram-se o teor médio de água do algodão e o Rendimento Potencial Máximo (RPM). Foram construídas cartas de controle para verificar a qualidade da operação de colheita. Observou-se que as perdas na colheita do algodão foram altas, principalmente as perdas no solo (PS), indicando que a colhedora não apresentou boa eficiência de colheita. As perdas no solo não apresentaram dependência espacial, enquanto as perdas na planta e totais apresentaram dependência moderada e forte, respectivamente. O processo de colheita de algodão não se encontra dentro dos padrões de qualidade, sob o ponto de vista de controle estatístico de processo, devendo ser revistas as condições de colheita.
The harvest is a very important stage of the productive process and in recklessness case; the final product can be influenced in significant way, causing quantitative and qualitative damages in the final item. In such way, this work had the objective to evaluate the cotton harvesting losses, in the soil and the plant, in the agricultural year of 2006, in Ipameri-GO. The work was carried through in an area of 1.44 ha, being demarcated 64 points, distanced of 50 m in the direction of the curve of level and 9 m between rows. The showed points had been georeferenced with aid of a GPS Garmin registering itself the coordinates in UTM. The samples had been collected placing a scaffolding of 4.5 m² (4.5 x 1m) on the cotton plants, collecting all the cotton fallen in the soil and after that. Beyond the quantitative losses analysis, it was determined the moisture content and productivity. The samples to determine the water text had been removed directly in the Bass Boy (overflow) in four different points. It was observed that the losses in the harvest of the cotton had been high, mainly the losses in the soil (PS), indicating that the harvester did not present good efficiency of harvest. The losses in the soil had not presented spatial dependence, whereas the losses in the plant and total had presented moderate and strong dependence respectively.
The harvest is a very important stage of the productive process and in recklessness case; the final product can be influenced in significant way, causing quantitative and qualitative damages in the final item. In such way, this work had the objective to evaluate the cotton harvesting losses, in the soil and the plant, in the agricultural year of 2006, in Ipameri-GO. The work was carried through in an area of 1.44 ha, being demarcated 64 points, distanced of 50 m in the direction of the curve of level and 9 m between rows. The showed points had been georeferenced with aid of a GPS Garmin registering itself the coordinates in UTM. The samples had been collected placing a scaffolding of 4.5 m² (4.5 x 1m) on the cotton plants, collecting all the cotton fallen in the soil and after that. Beyond the quantitative losses analysis, it was determined the moisture content and productivity. The samples to determine the water text had been removed directly in the Bass Boy (overflow) in four different points. It was observed that the losses in the harvest of the cotton had been high, mainly the losses in the soil (PS), indicating that the harvester did not present good efficiency of harvest. The losses in the soil had not presented spatial dependence, whereas the losses in the plant and total had presented moderate and strong dependence respectively.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Precision farming, Cotton harvester, Geostatistics, Agricultura de precisão, colhedora de algodão, Geoestatística
Como citar
Engenharia Agrícola. Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, v. 27, n. 3, p. 742-752, 2007.