Alterações do fluxo sanguíneo em artéria umbilical na síndrome hipertensiva gestacional e suas implicações nos resultados neonatais
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Data
2013-02-01
Autores
Moura, Marta David Rocha de
Margotto, Paulo Roberto
Rugolo, Ligia Maria Suppo de Souza [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Resumo
OBJETIVO: Avaliar as características antropométricas, a morbidade e mortalidade de recém-nascidos (RN) prematuros nascidos vivos de mães hipertensas em função da presença ou não de diástole zero (DZ) ou reversa (DR) na doplervelocimetria arterial umbilical. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, envolvendo RN prematuros nascidos vivos de gestantes hipertensas, com idade gestacional entre 25 e 33 semanas, submetidas à doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical nos 5 dias que antecederam o parto, realizado no Hospital do Distrito Federal, entre 1º de novembro de 2009 e 31 de outubro de 2010. Os RN foram estratificados em dois grupos, conforme o resultado da doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical: Gdz/dr=presença de diástole zero (DZ) ou diástole reversa (DR) e Gn=doplervelocimetria normal. Medidas antropométricas ao nascimento, morbidades e mortalidade neonatal foram comparadas entre os dois grupos. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 92 RN, assim distribuídos: Gdz/dr=52 RN e Gn=40 RN. No Gdz/dr a incidência de RN pequenos para idade gestacional foi significativamente maior, com risco relativo de 2,5 (IC95% 1,7‒3,7). No grupo Gdz/dr os RN permaneceram mais tempo em ventilação mecânica mediana 2 (0‒28) e no Gn mediana 0,5 (0‒25), p=0,03. A necessidade de oxigênio aos 28 dias de vida foi maior no Gdz/dr do que no Gn (33 versus10%; p=0,01). A mortalidade neonatal foi maior em Gdz/dr do que em Gn (36 versus 10%; p=0,03; com risco relativo de 1,6; IC95% 1,2 - 2,2). Nessa amostra a regressão logística mostrou que a cada 100 gramas a menos de peso ao nascer no Gdz/dr a chance de óbito aumentou 6,7 vezes (IC95% 2,0 - 11,3; p<0,01). CONCLUSÃO: em RN prematuros de mães hipertensas com alteração na doplervelocimetria da artéria umbilical a restrição do crescimento intrauterino é frequente e o prognóstico neonatal pior, sendo elevado o risco de óbito relacionado ao peso ao nascimento.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the anthropometric characteristics of morbidity and mortality of premature newborns (NB) of hypertensive mothers according to the presence or absence of flow (DZ) or reverse (DR) diastolic flow in the dopplervelocimetry of the umbilical artery. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on preterm newborns of pregnant women with hypertension between 25 and 33 weeks of gestational age, submitted to umbilical artery Doppler study during the five days before delivery. Delivery occurred at Hospital Regional da Asa Sul, Brasília - Federal District, between November 1st, 2009 and October 31st, 2010. The infants were stratified into two groups according to the results of Doppler velocimetry: Gdz/dr=absent end-diastolic velocity waveform or reversed end-diastolic velocity waveform, and Gn=normal Doppler velocimetry. Anthropometric measurements at birth, neonatal morbidity, and mortality were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: We studied 92 infants, as follows: Gdz/dr=52 infants and Gn=40 infants. In Gdz/dr, the incidence of infants small for gestational age was significantly greater, with a relative risk of 2.5 (95%CI 1.7 - 3.7). In Gdz/dr, infants remained on mechanical ventilation for a longer time: median 2 (0‒28) and Gn median 0.5 (0‒25) p=0.03. The need for oxygen at 28 days was higher in G dz/dr comparing to Gn (33 versus 10%; p=0.01). Neonatal mortality was higher in Gdz/dr compared to Gn (36 versus 10%; p=0.03; relative risk of 1.6; 95%CI 1.2‒2.2). Logistic regression showed that, with each 100 grams lower birth weight, the chance of death increased 6.7 times in G dz/dr (95%CI 2.0 - 11.3; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In preterm infants of mothers with hypertensive changes in Doppler velocimetry of the umbilical artery, intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal prognosis are often worse, with a high risk of death related to birth weight.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the anthropometric characteristics of morbidity and mortality of premature newborns (NB) of hypertensive mothers according to the presence or absence of flow (DZ) or reverse (DR) diastolic flow in the dopplervelocimetry of the umbilical artery. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on preterm newborns of pregnant women with hypertension between 25 and 33 weeks of gestational age, submitted to umbilical artery Doppler study during the five days before delivery. Delivery occurred at Hospital Regional da Asa Sul, Brasília - Federal District, between November 1st, 2009 and October 31st, 2010. The infants were stratified into two groups according to the results of Doppler velocimetry: Gdz/dr=absent end-diastolic velocity waveform or reversed end-diastolic velocity waveform, and Gn=normal Doppler velocimetry. Anthropometric measurements at birth, neonatal morbidity, and mortality were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: We studied 92 infants, as follows: Gdz/dr=52 infants and Gn=40 infants. In Gdz/dr, the incidence of infants small for gestational age was significantly greater, with a relative risk of 2.5 (95%CI 1.7 - 3.7). In Gdz/dr, infants remained on mechanical ventilation for a longer time: median 2 (0‒28) and Gn median 0.5 (0‒25) p=0.03. The need for oxygen at 28 days was higher in G dz/dr comparing to Gn (33 versus 10%; p=0.01). Neonatal mortality was higher in Gdz/dr compared to Gn (36 versus 10%; p=0.03; relative risk of 1.6; 95%CI 1.2‒2.2). Logistic regression showed that, with each 100 grams lower birth weight, the chance of death increased 6.7 times in G dz/dr (95%CI 2.0 - 11.3; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In preterm infants of mothers with hypertensive changes in Doppler velocimetry of the umbilical artery, intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal prognosis are often worse, with a high risk of death related to birth weight.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Artérias umbilicais, Velocidade do fluxo sanguíneo, Fluxometria por laser-doppler, Ultrassonografia doppler, Hipertensão induzida pela gravidez, Resultado da gravidez, Mortalidade fetal, Recém-nascido, Prematuro, Umbilical arteries, Blood flow velocity, Laser-doppler fluxometry, Ultrasonography, doppler, Hypertension, pregnancy induced, Pregnancy outcome, Fetal mortality, Infant newborn, Infant premature
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, v. 35, n. 2, p. 71-77, 2013.