Injúrias mecânicas e seus efeitos na qualidade de melancias armazenadas em condição ambiente
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Data
2007-06-01
Autores
Durigan, Maria Fernanda Berlingieri [UNESP]
Mattiuz, Ben-Hur
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Horticultura
Resumo
As injúrias mecânicas constituem uma das principais causas de perdas pós-colheita dos produtos hortícolas. Avaliou-se os efeitos de diferentes injúrias mecânicas sobre a qualidade de melancias 'TopGun®'. Foram testados três tipos de lesões: impacto (os frutos caíram de uma altura de 20 cm); compressão (os frutos ficaram sob a pressão de um peso de 294 N durante 10 horas); corte (feito com lâminas apropriadas). Após esses tratamentos, os frutos injuriados e os do controle (intactos) foram armazenados em condições de ambiente (25±1°C, 65±5% UR). As avaliações foram feitas a cada 4 dias, determinando-se a aparência, a perda de massa fresca, os teores de sólidos solúveis, de acidez titulável e de ácido ascórbico, coloração interna e atividade respiratória. Durante o armazenamento de 15 dias, as lesões mostraram-se prejudiciais à qualidade e à aparência dos frutos, em especial naqueles submetidos ao corte e ao impacto. Notou-se também escurecimento na polpa destes frutos. Perda de massa fresca também foi observada durante este período e foi agravada quando os frutos foram submetidos ao impacto. O teor de sólidos solúveis e o ácido ascórbico diminuíram ao longo do período de armazenamento. A atividade respiratória aumentou logo nas primeiras horas em frutos submetidos às injúrias de corte e impacto.
Mechanical injuries are the main cause of losses in the post harvest of horticultural products. The effect of different mechanical injuries was evaluated on the quality of watermelons 'TopGun®'. The impact was evaluated when the injury was made by allowing the product to fall from 20 cm height on a hard and plane surface, compression of fruits under a weight of 294N and cutting the fruits with an appropriate blade. After this, the injuried and intact fruits were stored at room temperature (25+1ºC, 65+5%RH). The evaluations were performed every 4 days, for appearance, loss of fresh mass, the content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, internal color and respiratory activity. During the storage period of 15 days, the injuries prejudiced the quality and the apearance of the fruits, mainly those submitted to the cut and impact, presenting the worst quality, affecting the chemical parameteres, the appearance and reducing the days of possible comercialization. The pulp turned slightly darker. Loss of fresh mass also was observed during this period and became worst on the fruit submited to the impact. The content of soluble solids and ascorbic acid reduced through the storage period. The respiratory activity was afected in the first hours of analisis by the cut and the impact.
Mechanical injuries are the main cause of losses in the post harvest of horticultural products. The effect of different mechanical injuries was evaluated on the quality of watermelons 'TopGun®'. The impact was evaluated when the injury was made by allowing the product to fall from 20 cm height on a hard and plane surface, compression of fruits under a weight of 294N and cutting the fruits with an appropriate blade. After this, the injuried and intact fruits were stored at room temperature (25+1ºC, 65+5%RH). The evaluations were performed every 4 days, for appearance, loss of fresh mass, the content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, internal color and respiratory activity. During the storage period of 15 days, the injuries prejudiced the quality and the apearance of the fruits, mainly those submitted to the cut and impact, presenting the worst quality, affecting the chemical parameteres, the appearance and reducing the days of possible comercialization. The pulp turned slightly darker. Loss of fresh mass also was observed during this period and became worst on the fruit submited to the impact. The content of soluble solids and ascorbic acid reduced through the storage period. The respiratory activity was afected in the first hours of analisis by the cut and the impact.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrullus lanatus, Postharvest, compression, impact, cut, Citrullus lanatus, Pós-colheita, compressão, impacto, corte
Como citar
Horticultura Brasileira. Associação Brasileira de Horticultura, v. 25, n. 2, p. 296-300, 2007.