Reuse of sand, crushed sugarcane and peanut hull-based substrates for cherry tomato cultivation
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Data
2007-12-01
Autores
Fernandes, Carolina [UNESP]
Corá, José Eduardo [UNESP]
Braz, Leila Trevizan [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ)
Resumo
A reutilização de substratos por mais de um cultivo é uma alternativa para reduzir os custos de produção. Objetivou-se assim avaliar a produtividade e a qualidade dos frutos do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum) do grupo cereja cultivado em substratos reutilizados. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, com esquema fatorial 7 × 2 (sete substratos e duas utilizações dos substratos), em quatro repetições. Os substratos resultaram da combinação de diferentes proporções volumétricas de areia (A), bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BC) e casca de amendoim (CA). Testou-se: S1 = A; S2 = [(2/3 A) + (1/3 BC)]; S3 = [(2/3 A) + (1/3 CA)]; S4 = [(2/3 A) + (1/6 BC) + (1/6 CA)]; S5 = [(1/2 A) + (1/2 BC)]; S6 = [(1/2 A) + (1/2 CA)] e S7 = [(1/3 A) + (1/3 BC) + (1/3 CA)]. Os substratos foram utilizados em um cultivo (substratos novos S N) e dois cultivos (substratos reutilizados S R). A produtividade do tomateiro foi de 9,07 kg m-2, quando cultivado em S N, e de 8,44 kg m-2, quando cultivado em S R. A qualidade dos frutos não foi influenciada pela reutilização dos substratos. Os valores médios foram de 6,5 ºBrix para sólidos solúveis totais; 0,6 g de ácido cítrico por 100 g para acidez total titulável e 4,2 para o pH. Para o cultivo do tomateiro do grupo cereja o substrato S7 pode ser recomendado, sendo viável reutilizar todos os substratos testados, pelo menos uma vez.
The reuse of substrates for more than one growing season is an alternative to reduce production costs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and quality fruits of the cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown in reused substrates. The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with a factorial array of 7 × 2 (seven substrates and two growth periods), with four replications. The seven substrates consisted of different combinations of sand (S), crushed sugarcane (CS) and peanut hull (PH). The substrates used were: S1 = S; S2 = [(2/3 S) + (1/3 CS)]; S3 = [(2/3 S) + (1/3 PH)]; S4 = [(2/3 S) + (1/6 CS) + (1/6 PH)]; S5 = [(1/2 S) + (1/2 CS)]; S6 = [(1/2 S) + (1/2 PH)] and S7 = [(1/3 S) + (1/3 CS) + (1/3 PH)]. These substrates were tested as new (one growth season), and reused (two sequentially growth seasons). The cherry tomato average yield was 9.07 kg m-2 when growth on the new substrates, and 8.44 kg m-2 when growth on the reused ones. The fruit quality was not affected by the reutilization of the substrates. The average values were 6.5 ºBrix for total soluble solids; 0.6 g for citric acid per 100 g for total titratable acidity and 4.2 for pH. A substrate consisting of equal parts of the three components can be recommended as a good growth medium for cherry tomato. All the substrates tested can be efficiently reused, at least once.
The reuse of substrates for more than one growing season is an alternative to reduce production costs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and quality fruits of the cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown in reused substrates. The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with a factorial array of 7 × 2 (seven substrates and two growth periods), with four replications. The seven substrates consisted of different combinations of sand (S), crushed sugarcane (CS) and peanut hull (PH). The substrates used were: S1 = S; S2 = [(2/3 S) + (1/3 CS)]; S3 = [(2/3 S) + (1/3 PH)]; S4 = [(2/3 S) + (1/6 CS) + (1/6 PH)]; S5 = [(1/2 S) + (1/2 CS)]; S6 = [(1/2 S) + (1/2 PH)] and S7 = [(1/3 S) + (1/3 CS) + (1/3 PH)]. These substrates were tested as new (one growth season), and reused (two sequentially growth seasons). The cherry tomato average yield was 9.07 kg m-2 when growth on the new substrates, and 8.44 kg m-2 when growth on the reused ones. The fruit quality was not affected by the reutilization of the substrates. The average values were 6.5 ºBrix for total soluble solids; 0.6 g for citric acid per 100 g for total titratable acidity and 4.2 for pH. A substrate consisting of equal parts of the three components can be recommended as a good growth medium for cherry tomato. All the substrates tested can be efficiently reused, at least once.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lycopersicon esculentum, size of fruits, soilless growth, Lycopersicon esculentum, tamanho de frutos, Cultivo sem solo
Como citar
Scientia Agricola. São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, v. 64, n. 6, p. 630-635, 2007.