Desempenho de bezerros de corte filhos de vacas submetidas a diferentes manejos alimentares, desmamados aos 42 ou 63 dias de idade
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Data
2004-06-01
Autores
Cerdótes, Liliane [UNESP]
Restle, João
Alves Filho, Dari Celestino
Pacheco, Paulo Santana
Missio, Régis Luis
Garagorry, Fábio Cervo
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de bezerros de corte, do nascimento aos 12 meses de idade, filhos de vacas Charolês (C), Nelore (N), mestiças CN e NC, mantidas em pastagem nativa, suplementadas com farelo de arroz integral e que desmamaram aos 42 ou 63 dias pós-parto, ou não suplementadas e que desmamaram aos 63 dias. A idade das vacas variou de 3 a 12 anos, sendo agrupadas em quatro classes, primíparas, jovens, adultas e velhas. Bezerros desmamados aos 63 dias de idade, cujas vacas foram suplementadas, apresentaram maior ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) durante o aleitamento (561 contra 457 g), foram mais pesados ao desmame (67 contra 59,9 kg) e aos 84 dias (76 contra 69,2 kg) em relação aqueles cujas vacas não foram suplementadas, não diferindo destes nos pesos aos 5, 7 e 12 meses. Bezerros desmamados aos 42 dias apresentaram menor GMD nos primeiros 21 dias após o desmame (360 contra 482 g) e foram menos pesados aos 12 meses (174,4 contra 189,4 kg) em relação aos desmamados aos 63 dias. Bezerros mestiços filhos de vacas CN e NC foram mais pesados ao desmame que os puros, não diferindo dos C aos 12 meses. Bezerros N apresentaram peso similar aos C no desmame, mas foram mais leves e apresentaram condição corporal inferior do que os últimos aos 5, 7 e 12 meses. O peso e a condição corporal dos bezerros filhos de vacas primíparas foi inferior aos demais, no entanto, não diferiram destes aos 9 e 12 meses. Não se justifica a suplementação das vacas quando se considera o peso dos bezerros após os 5 meses. O desmame aos 42 dias de idade não é recomendado, pois resulta em menor peso aos 12 meses.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of beef calves, from birth to weaning, produced by Charolais (C), Nellore (N), CN and NC crossbred cows, kept on native pasture, supplemented with rice bran and weaned at 42 or 63 days postpartum, or non supplemented and weaned at 63 days. Cow age ranged from 3 to 12 years, being classified as: first calf, young, adult and old cows. Calves weaned at 63 days of age, whose cows were supplemented showed higher average daily weight gain (ADG) during lactation (561 vs. 457 g), were heavier at weaning (67 vs. 59.9 kg) and at 84 days (76 vs. 69,2 kg) in relation to those whose cows were not supplemented, and did not differ in weight from the last ones at 5, 7 and 12 months. Calves weaned at 42 days showed lower ADG during the first 21 days after weaning (360 vs. 482g) and were lighter at 12 months (174.4 vs. 189.4 kg) in relation to those weaned at 63 days. Crossbred calves produced by CN and NC crossbred cows were heavier at weaning then the straightbreds, not differing from the C calves at 12 months. Nellore calves were similar in weight to the C calves at weaning, but were lighter and displayed lower body condition score than the C at 5, 7 and 12 months. Calves produced by first calving cows were lighter and displayed lower body condition score than the other calves, however, not differing from the last ones at 9 and 12 months. Supplementation of cows is not justified when calf weight after 5 months is considered. Weaning calves at 42 days is not recommended because it results in lower weight at 12 months.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of beef calves, from birth to weaning, produced by Charolais (C), Nellore (N), CN and NC crossbred cows, kept on native pasture, supplemented with rice bran and weaned at 42 or 63 days postpartum, or non supplemented and weaned at 63 days. Cow age ranged from 3 to 12 years, being classified as: first calf, young, adult and old cows. Calves weaned at 63 days of age, whose cows were supplemented showed higher average daily weight gain (ADG) during lactation (561 vs. 457 g), were heavier at weaning (67 vs. 59.9 kg) and at 84 days (76 vs. 69,2 kg) in relation to those whose cows were not supplemented, and did not differ in weight from the last ones at 5, 7 and 12 months. Calves weaned at 42 days showed lower ADG during the first 21 days after weaning (360 vs. 482g) and were lighter at 12 months (174.4 vs. 189.4 kg) in relation to those weaned at 63 days. Crossbred calves produced by CN and NC crossbred cows were heavier at weaning then the straightbreds, not differing from the C calves at 12 months. Nellore calves were similar in weight to the C calves at weaning, but were lighter and displayed lower body condition score than the C at 5, 7 and 12 months. Calves produced by first calving cows were lighter and displayed lower body condition score than the other calves, however, not differing from the last ones at 9 and 12 months. Supplementation of cows is not justified when calf weight after 5 months is considered. Weaning calves at 42 days is not recommended because it results in lower weight at 12 months.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bos indicus, Bos taurus, cruzamento, estado corporal, desmame precoce, ganho de peso, Bos indicus, Bos taurus, crossbreeding, body condition, early weaning, weight gain
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 33, n. 3, p. 597-609, 2004.