Análise de risco aplicada ao manejo precaucionário das pescarias artesanais na região do reservatório da UHE-Tucuruí (Pará, Brasil)
Carregando...
Data
2004-09-01
Autores
Camargo, Serguei Aily Franco de
Petrere Jr, Miguel [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia
Resumo
As pescarias no reservatório da UHE-Tucuruí no rio Tocantins, Pará, envolvem cerca de 6.000 pescadores e movimentam cerca de R$ 4,2 milhões/ano. A atividade se concentra em três espécies principais: tucunaré Cichla monoculus (capturado com anzol), pescada Plagioscion squamosissimus (capturado com rede e/ou anzol) e mapará Hypophthalmus marginatus (capturado com rede). Com o objetivo de caracterizar os pescadores e as pescarias do reservatório, criar cenários de aumento do esforço pesqueiro e prever os momentos de conflito pela escassez de recursos, foram levantadas informações da literatura e realizadas duas campanhas de coleta de dados nos anos de 1999 e 2000, envolvendo entrevistas com líderes comunitários e pescadores. As seguintes variáveis foram consideradas: desembarque por espécie-alvo (de acordo com os registros fornecidos pelas colônias de pescadores), artes de pesca, estratégias dos pescadores, conflitos e formas de apropriação do espaço e rendimentos da atividade. Estas variáveis foram inseridas em um modelo dinâmico, simulado no software Vensim PLE para um período de 10 anos a partir de 1999. Os resultados indicam que a pesca de anzol é a estratégia mais rentável, e que possíveis momentos de conflito devido à escassez de recursos podem acontecer em curto prazo (2005). A metodologia utilizada para as simulações e análises de risco também se revelou adequada à realidade local e ao conjunto de dados disponíveis.
The fisheries in the reservoir of UHE-Tucuruí employ about 6.000 fishermen generating approximately R$ 4.2 million/year. There are three main target-species: Tucunaré Cichla monoculus (caught with hook and line), Pescada Plagioscion squamosissimus (caught with gill net and/or hook and line) and Mapará Hypophthalmus marginatus (caught with gill net). Published information was reviewed and data collected during two field trips in 1999 and 2000 that included interviews with community leaders and fishermen. The aims were: to get information on the reservoir fisheries and fishermen; create scenarios of fishing effort increase; and, forecast potential conflicts due to the collapse of resources. The following variables were considered: target-species landings (data records supplied by the fishermen's associations), fishing gear, fishing strategies, conflicts, fishing spot allocation systems, and income. These variables, covering a period of 10 years starting from 1999, were entered into a dynamic model, simulated with the Vensim PLE software. The results indicate that the hook and line fishery is the most profitable, and potential conflicts due to resource scarcity could occur in short time (2005). The methodology used for the simulations and risk analysis was found to be suitable for the local reality and available data set.
The fisheries in the reservoir of UHE-Tucuruí employ about 6.000 fishermen generating approximately R$ 4.2 million/year. There are three main target-species: Tucunaré Cichla monoculus (caught with hook and line), Pescada Plagioscion squamosissimus (caught with gill net and/or hook and line) and Mapará Hypophthalmus marginatus (caught with gill net). Published information was reviewed and data collected during two field trips in 1999 and 2000 that included interviews with community leaders and fishermen. The aims were: to get information on the reservoir fisheries and fishermen; create scenarios of fishing effort increase; and, forecast potential conflicts due to the collapse of resources. The following variables were considered: target-species landings (data records supplied by the fishermen's associations), fishing gear, fishing strategies, conflicts, fishing spot allocation systems, and income. These variables, covering a period of 10 years starting from 1999, were entered into a dynamic model, simulated with the Vensim PLE software. The results indicate that the hook and line fishery is the most profitable, and potential conflicts due to resource scarcity could occur in short time (2005). The methodology used for the simulations and risk analysis was found to be suitable for the local reality and available data set.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análise de Riscos, Manejo Precaucionário, Pesca Artesanal de Águas Interiores, Teoria dos Jogos, UHE-Tucuruí, rio Tocantins, Risk Analysis, Precautionary Management, Inland Artisanal Fisheries, Game Theory, Tucuruí Reservoir, Tocantins river
Como citar
Acta Amazonica. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, v. 34, n. 3, p. 473-485, 2004.