Efeito da calagem superficial em plantio direto na concentração de cátions hidrossolúveis na parte aérea de culturas anuais
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Data
2008-06-01
Autores
Silva, Tiago Roque Benetoli da
Lemos, Leandro Borges [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Resumo
A acidez do solo no sistema plantio direto pode ser minimizada com aplicação superficial de calcário. Tal prática é favorecida pela permanência de restos vegetais na superfície do solo, pela liberação de compostos orgânicos hidrossolúveis, que variam de planta para planta. Por isso foi instalado um experimento em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (V = 41 %) em Botucatu (SP), objetivando avaliar os efeitos da aplicação superficial de calcário dolomítico na concentração de cátions solúveis nos resíduos vegetais das culturas de milheto, feijão e aveia preta em dois anos agrícolas (2002/2003 e 2003/2004). No caso do feijoeiro, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por cultivares de feijão (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 e Campeão 2), enquanto as subparcelas foram formadas por doses de calcário dolomítico (sem aplicação, 1,8; 3,6 e 5,4 t ha-1). Para o milheto e aveia preta foram consideradas apenas as doses como fator. Foram avaliados os teores de Ca, Mg, K e Mn na parte aérea de todas as culturas, bem como a condutividade elétrica no extrato. Os resultados evidenciaram que os teores de Ca, K e Mg solúveis na parte aérea das culturas anuais avaliadas não foram alterados com a aplicação superficial de doses de calcário dolomítico. As culturas do milheto e feijão apresentaram maior teor de cátions solúveis na parte aérea, quando comparado ao da aveia preta.
Soil acidity in no-tillage systems can be amended by surface liming. This practice is favored by plant residues on the soil surface, which release water-soluble organic compounds that vary among plant species. The experiment was conducted on a Typic Hapludox (V = 41 %) in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of surface liming on the concentration of soluble cations in millet, common bean and black-oat crop residues in two growing seasons (2002/03 and 2003/04). For common bean, a randomized complete block design in split plots with four repetitions was used; the plots were common bean cultivars (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 and Campeão 2) and the subplots were surface application of increasing dolomitic lime rates (0, 1.8; 3.6 e 5.4 t ha-1), in October 2002. For millet and black-oat only the rates were considered as studied factors. The concentration of Ca, Mg, K, and Mn, and electrical conductivity were analyzed in the shoot. The water-soluble cation concentration in the evaluated crops was not affected by surface application of lime. The water-soluble cation concentration in millet and common bean shoot residues were higher than that of black-oat.
Soil acidity in no-tillage systems can be amended by surface liming. This practice is favored by plant residues on the soil surface, which release water-soluble organic compounds that vary among plant species. The experiment was conducted on a Typic Hapludox (V = 41 %) in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of surface liming on the concentration of soluble cations in millet, common bean and black-oat crop residues in two growing seasons (2002/03 and 2003/04). For common bean, a randomized complete block design in split plots with four repetitions was used; the plots were common bean cultivars (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 and Campeão 2) and the subplots were surface application of increasing dolomitic lime rates (0, 1.8; 3.6 e 5.4 t ha-1), in October 2002. For millet and black-oat only the rates were considered as studied factors. The concentration of Ca, Mg, K, and Mn, and electrical conductivity were analyzed in the shoot. The water-soluble cation concentration in the evaluated crops was not affected by surface application of lime. The water-soluble cation concentration in millet and common bean shoot residues were higher than that of black-oat.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Liming, No-tillage, plant residue, Calagem, Plantio direto, resíduo vegetal
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 32, n. 3, p. 1199-1207, 2008.