Agregação de um argissolo sob pomar de goiabeiras após aplicação de resíduos da indústria processadora de goiaba
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Data
2011-12-01
Autores
Seben Junior, Getulio de Freitas [UNESP]
Kuhnen, Fernando [UNESP]
Sylvestre, Thiago de Barros [UNESP]
Almeida, Cinara Xavier de [UNESP]
Centurion, José Frederico [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
A utilização de resíduos da indústria de processamento de frutas na agricultura pode proporcionar melhorias à qualidade do solo. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da aplicação de resíduos de sementes de goiaba na agregação e no estoque de carbono orgânico do solo (EC). O experimento esteve inserido em um pomar comercial irrigado de goiabeiras (cv. Paluma), com sete anos de idade, sobre um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico típico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados e parcelas subdivididas, sendo cinco tratamentos (doses de: 0;9;18;27 e 36 Mg ha-1 de resíduo) e duas camadas de solo (0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m). Foi avaliado o mesmo tipo de solo sobre mata nativa adjacente à área experimental. As análises realizadas foram a distribuição do tamanho dos agregados estáveis em água, o diâmetro médio ponderado, o diâmetro médio geométrico, os agregados maiores que 2 mm e o EC. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F), seguindo o delineamento em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas (5 doses x 2 camadas). As médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade, e as médias das camadas foram comparadas pelo teste F, a 5% de probabilidade. Os dados coletados no solo sob mata foram utilizados apenas como referência de um solo em estado natural e, portanto, não foram considerados como fator de variação nas análises de variância. Os valores dos índices de agregação com o estoque de carbono orgânico do solo foram submetidos à correlação de Pearson (p < 0,05). O efeito das doses de resíduo de sementes de goiaba sobre o estoque de carbono orgânico, na camada de 0-0,20 m do solo, foi avaliado por análise de regressão. Os tratamentos não diferiram em relação à agregação do solo, contudo EC foi diretamente relacionado à quantidade de resíduo aplicado ao solo. Houve correlação positiva e significativa entre os índices de agregação e o EC. A aplicação de resíduos de sementes de goiaba proporcionou melhoria da qualidade do solo.
The use of industrial residues from fruit processing in agriculture can provide improvements to soil quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of residues of guava seeds on soil aggregation and soil organic carbon stock (SOC). The experiment was inserted in an irrigated orchard of guava trees (cv. Paluma) seven years old on a Red-Yellow Ultissol. The experimental design was randomized block and split plot with five treatments (doses: 0, 9, 18, 27 and 36 Mg ha-1 of residue) and two soil layers (0.00 to 0.10 and 0. 10 to 0.20 m). It was evaluated the same type of soil on a native forest adjacent to the experimental area. It was analyzed the size distribution of water stable aggregates, the average diameter, the geometric mean diameter, aggregates larger than 2 mm and SOC. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (F test) following a randomized complete block design with split-plot (5 x 2 layers). The treatment means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability and the average of the layers were compared by F test at 5% probability. The data collected in the forest soil were used only as a reference soil in natural state and therefore were not considered as a factor of variation in the analysis of variance. The values of aggregation index with the soil organic carbon stock were subjected to Pearson correlation (p < 0.05). The effect of residual doses of guava seeds on the soil organic carbon from 0.00 to 0.20 m of soil layer was evaluated by regression analysis. The treatments did not differ in relation to soil aggregation; however, SOC was directly related to the amount of residues applied to the soil. There was significant positive correlation between aggregation index and SOC. The application of residues from guava seeds provided an improvement of soil quality.
The use of industrial residues from fruit processing in agriculture can provide improvements to soil quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of residues of guava seeds on soil aggregation and soil organic carbon stock (SOC). The experiment was inserted in an irrigated orchard of guava trees (cv. Paluma) seven years old on a Red-Yellow Ultissol. The experimental design was randomized block and split plot with five treatments (doses: 0, 9, 18, 27 and 36 Mg ha-1 of residue) and two soil layers (0.00 to 0.10 and 0. 10 to 0.20 m). It was evaluated the same type of soil on a native forest adjacent to the experimental area. It was analyzed the size distribution of water stable aggregates, the average diameter, the geometric mean diameter, aggregates larger than 2 mm and SOC. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (F test) following a randomized complete block design with split-plot (5 x 2 layers). The treatment means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability and the average of the layers were compared by F test at 5% probability. The data collected in the forest soil were used only as a reference soil in natural state and therefore were not considered as a factor of variation in the analysis of variance. The values of aggregation index with the soil organic carbon stock were subjected to Pearson correlation (p < 0.05). The effect of residual doses of guava seeds on the soil organic carbon from 0.00 to 0.20 m of soil layer was evaluated by regression analysis. The treatments did not differ in relation to soil aggregation; however, SOC was directly related to the amount of residues applied to the soil. There was significant positive correlation between aggregation index and SOC. The application of residues from guava seeds provided an improvement of soil quality.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
aggregates, Soil structure, soil organic carbon, agregação, Estrutura do solo, estoque de carbono do solo
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 33, n. 4, p. 1275-1282, 2011.