Produção de matéria seca e absorção de nutrientes pelo milho em razão da saturação por bases e da adubação potássica
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Data
2000-12-01
Autores
ANDREOTTI, MARCELO [UNESP]
SOUZA, EUCLIDES CAXAMBU ALEXANDRINO DE [UNESP]
Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
Rodrigues, João Domingos [UNESP]
Büll, Leonardo Theodoro [UNESP]
Título da Revista
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Título de Volume
Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)
Resumo
O trabalho foi conduzido em condições de casa de vegetação, com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta do milho à adubação potássica e à saturação do solo por bases, na produção de matéria seca e na absorção de nutrientes. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x2x4, constituindo-se de três solos (Areia Quartzosa, Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro e Latossolo Roxo), dois valores de saturação por bases (40% e 70 %) e quatro teores de K no solo (0,5, 1,5, 3,0 e 6,0 mmol c dm-3). Para a calagem, foi utilizada mistura de carbonato de cálcio + carbonato de magnésio (PRNT = 103,3 %) na proporção de 4:1. A adubação básica constou de 200 mg kg-1 de N, 200 mg kg-1 de P e 5 mg kg-1 de Zn por vaso de 30 L, sendo o N parcelado em 2,48 g (83,7 mg kg-1) na semeadura e o restante em duas coberturas aos 25 e 40 dias após a emergência das plântulas (DAE). As doses de K utilizadas foram de 0, 3,62, 7,24 e 14,48 g de KCl por vaso. A semeadura foi realizada em 4/3/97, utilizando-se o milho cv. Zêneca 8392, mantendo-se uma planta/vaso durante 60 DAE. O K proporciona ganhos de matéria seca até teores de 1,5 mmol c dm-3 no solo. O aumento dos teores de K no solo resultam em queda na concentração de Ca e Mg na matéria seca do milho. A elevação da saturação por bases e respectivo aumento dos teores de Ca e Mg no solo reduzem a absorção de K pelo milho.
The purpose of this research was to study dry matter yield and nutrients uptake by corn plants as a function of potassic fertilization and of soil basis saturation. An experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, using an early single hybrid corn Zêneca 8392 grown in 30 L pots, tested with three types of soil (Quartzpsamment and two alic Dark-Red Latosol - Haplorthox), with two levels of basis saturation (40 and 70 %) and four levels of potassium content (0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 mmol c dm-3). A completely random design with four replications was utilized. The basis saturation treatments were calibrated by liming the soils with a mixture of 4:1 of calcium and magnesium carbonate, according to soil type. K content in the soil was established by applying 0, 3.62, 7.24 and 14.48 g of KCl per 30 L pot. P (200 mg kg-1) and Zn (5 mg kg-1) were applied to all treatments at sowing time. N was applied at sowing time (83.7 mg kg-1) as well as at top dressing, 25 and 40 days after seedling emergence, totalizing 200 mg kg-1. Sixty days after seedling emergence the dry matter weight and N, P, K, Ca and Mg content of the leaves and stems were determined. The dry matter yield was increased by K concentrations in the soil up to 1.5 mmol c dm-3. The increase in soil K levels allowed decrease on the Ca and Mg concentrations in corn dry matter. The increase of basis saturation and soil Ca and Mg levels decrease corn plant K uptake.
The purpose of this research was to study dry matter yield and nutrients uptake by corn plants as a function of potassic fertilization and of soil basis saturation. An experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, using an early single hybrid corn Zêneca 8392 grown in 30 L pots, tested with three types of soil (Quartzpsamment and two alic Dark-Red Latosol - Haplorthox), with two levels of basis saturation (40 and 70 %) and four levels of potassium content (0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 mmol c dm-3). A completely random design with four replications was utilized. The basis saturation treatments were calibrated by liming the soils with a mixture of 4:1 of calcium and magnesium carbonate, according to soil type. K content in the soil was established by applying 0, 3.62, 7.24 and 14.48 g of KCl per 30 L pot. P (200 mg kg-1) and Zn (5 mg kg-1) were applied to all treatments at sowing time. N was applied at sowing time (83.7 mg kg-1) as well as at top dressing, 25 and 40 days after seedling emergence, totalizing 200 mg kg-1. Sixty days after seedling emergence the dry matter weight and N, P, K, Ca and Mg content of the leaves and stems were determined. The dry matter yield was increased by K concentrations in the soil up to 1.5 mmol c dm-3. The increase in soil K levels allowed decrease on the Ca and Mg concentrations in corn dry matter. The increase of basis saturation and soil Ca and Mg levels decrease corn plant K uptake.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Zea mays, Liming, Plant nutrition, soil texture, Zea mays, Calagem, nutrição das plantas, textura do solo
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Informação TecnológicaPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 35, n. 12, p. 2437-2446, 2000.