Influência do tamanho na germinação e no vigor de sementes de milheto (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke)
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Data
2002-01-01
Autores
Gaspar, Carolina Maria [UNESP]
Nakagawa, João [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes (ABRATES)
Resumo
O milheto é uma gramínea anual de sementes pequenas, com grande diversidade de tamanho, e com dificuldade, às vezes, do estabelecimento da população adequada de plantas. Este experimento objetivou verificar a influência do tamanho da semente de milheto sobre sua germinação e vigor. Foram utilizados quatro lotes de sementes (I, II, III e IV), classificados em quatro tamanhos, através de peneiras de malha quadrada, sendo: peneira 1 ≥ 2,00mm, peneira 2: 1,68 a 2,00mm, peneira 3: 1,41 a 1,68mm, peneira 4: 0,71 a 1,41mm e mais uma porção do lote original (testemunha), que constituíram os tamanhos. Foram realizados os testes de: peso de 1000 sementes, germinação inicial e após seis meses de armazenamento (TGI e TGII, respectivamente) e vigor (primeira contagem do teste de germinação e condutividade elétrica das sementes). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por tratamento. As sementes de peneira 4 apresentaram menores pesos de 1000 sementes para todos os lotes, menores valores de germinação para o TGI, em todos os lotes, e para o TGII nos lotes II e IV. Para o vigor (primeira contagem do teste de germinação) observou-se menor valor para peneira 4, nos lotes I, II e IV; enquanto para a condutividade, a peneira 4 apresentou maior valor para todos os lotes, indicando pior qualidade fisiológica dessas sementes. Concluiu-se que a germinação e o vigor das sementes de milheto são influenciados pelo seu tamanho; sementes maiores são de melhor qualidade do que as menores.
The pearl millet is an annual grass with small seeds, presenting size diversity, and having some times troubles to establish the adequate stand. The mean of this experiment was to verify in pearl millet seeds, the influence of the seed size on its germination and vigor. Four seed lots were used (I, II, III and IV) and were classified in four sizes, through sieves of square mesh: size 1: ≥2.00mm, size 2: 1.68 to 2.00mm, size 3: 1.41 to 1.68, size 4: 0.71 to 1.41mm and a part of the original lot (control), they constituted the sizes. The following tests were employed: weight of 1000 seeds, germination before and after six months of storage (TGI and TGII) and vigor (first germination counting test and electrical conductivity test). The statistical model was entirely randomized, with four replications for all the treatments. The seeds size 4 presented smaller weights of 1000 seeds for every lots and the smallest values for germination in TGI, in every lots, and in TGII for the lots II and IV. For the vigor (first germination counting) smaller value was observed for size 4, in the lots I, II and IV; while for the electrical conductivity, the size 4 presented the highest value for all lots, indicating low physiological quality. It was concluded that the germination and the vigor of pearl millet seeds were affected by its size; large seeds have better quality, than small seeds.
The pearl millet is an annual grass with small seeds, presenting size diversity, and having some times troubles to establish the adequate stand. The mean of this experiment was to verify in pearl millet seeds, the influence of the seed size on its germination and vigor. Four seed lots were used (I, II, III and IV) and were classified in four sizes, through sieves of square mesh: size 1: ≥2.00mm, size 2: 1.68 to 2.00mm, size 3: 1.41 to 1.68, size 4: 0.71 to 1.41mm and a part of the original lot (control), they constituted the sizes. The following tests were employed: weight of 1000 seeds, germination before and after six months of storage (TGI and TGII) and vigor (first germination counting test and electrical conductivity test). The statistical model was entirely randomized, with four replications for all the treatments. The seeds size 4 presented smaller weights of 1000 seeds for every lots and the smallest values for germination in TGI, in every lots, and in TGII for the lots II and IV. For the vigor (first germination counting) smaller value was observed for size 4, in the lots I, II and IV; while for the electrical conductivity, the size 4 presented the highest value for all lots, indicating low physiological quality. It was concluded that the germination and the vigor of pearl millet seeds were affected by its size; large seeds have better quality, than small seeds.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
milheto, Pennisetum americanum, sementes, tamanho, pearl millet, seed, seed size, Pennisetum americanum
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Sementes. Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes, v. 24, n. 1, p. 339-344, 2002.