Controle da pinta preta dos frutos cítricos em cultivo orgânico com agentes de biocontrole e produtos alternativos
Carregando...
Data
2010-02-01
Autores
Bernardo, Eduardo Roberto A. [UNESP]
Bettiol, Wagner [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia
Resumo
Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum e leite foram avaliados no controle da pinta preta de laranja 'Pêra' orgânica, nas safras 2004/2005 e 2005/2006. Os tratamentos estudados foram: Bacillus (10(7) e 10(8) ufc/mL), meio de cultura para fermentação de Bacillus, Trichoderma (10(6) conídios/mL), leite (5%) e testemunha (biofertilizante a 3%). Os produtos, exceto biofertilizante (pulverizado mensalmente), foram pulverizados 28, 56, 84, 112, 140 e 168 dias depois da primeira pulverização (08/12/2004 e 09/12/2005, respectivamente). A severidade da doença foi avaliada utilizando escala de notas de 1 a 6 em 50 frutos/repetição. Na safra 2004/2005, as plantas pulverizadas com leite e Bacillus (10(8) ufc/mL) apresentaram maior número de frutos com nota 1 (26,3 e 19,4%, respectivamente) e menor com notas de 3 a 6 (29,8 e 35,6%, respectivamente). Na safra 2005/2006, o maior número de frutos com nota 1 (7,4 e 3,7%) e o menor na faixa de 3 a 6 (64,4 e 71,0%) foram observados nas plantas pulverizadas com leite e Bacillus (10(7) ufc/mL), respectivamente. O índice de doença (ID), na safra 2004/2005, foi de 0,36 para os tratamentos com leite e Bacillus 10(8) ufc/mL, e de 0,43 para o tratamento com biofertilizante. em 2005/2006, os IDs foram 0,51; 0,53 e 0,53 para os tratamentos leite, Bacillus 10(7) ufc/mL e biofertilizante, respectivamente. As plantas tratadas com Trichoderma apresentaram IDs de 0,47 e 0,58 nas safras 2004/2005 e 2005/2006, respectivamente.
Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, and milk were evaluated in 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 cropping seasons to control citrus black spot in organic systems. The treatments studied were: Bacillus (10(7) and 10(8) cfu/mL), media for the fermentation of Bacillus, Trichoderma (10(6) conidia/mL), milk (5%) and check (compost tea 3%). The products, except compost tea (sprayed monthly), were sprayed at scheduled intervals (28, 56, 84, 112, 140, and 168 days) starting on December 8th, 2004 and December 9th, 2005. Disease severity was evaluated by a six-category scale in 50 fruits. In 2004/2005, plants sprayed with milk and Bacillus (10(8) cfu/mL) did not differ from each other. These treatments presented an increase in the percentage of fruits in class 1 (26.3% and 19.4%, respectively), and a decrease in the percentage of fruits in class 3-6 (29.9% and 35.6%, respectively). In 2005/2006, spraying milk and Bacillus (10(7) cfu/mL) resulted in the highest percentage of fruits in class 1 (7.4 and 3.7%, respectively) and the lowest percentage of fruits in class 3-6 (64.4 and 71.0%, respectively). Plants treated with milk and Bacillus 10(8) cfu/mL had less disease during 2004/2005, with disease index (DI)=0.36, compared to DI of 0.43 for compost tea. In 2005/2006, values of DI in treatments with milk, Bacillus 10(7) cfu/mL and compost tea were 0.51, 0.53, and 0.53, respectively. The values of DI in plants sprayed with Trichoderma were 0.47 and 0.58, respectively for 2004/2005 and 2005/2006.
Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, and milk were evaluated in 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 cropping seasons to control citrus black spot in organic systems. The treatments studied were: Bacillus (10(7) and 10(8) cfu/mL), media for the fermentation of Bacillus, Trichoderma (10(6) conidia/mL), milk (5%) and check (compost tea 3%). The products, except compost tea (sprayed monthly), were sprayed at scheduled intervals (28, 56, 84, 112, 140, and 168 days) starting on December 8th, 2004 and December 9th, 2005. Disease severity was evaluated by a six-category scale in 50 fruits. In 2004/2005, plants sprayed with milk and Bacillus (10(8) cfu/mL) did not differ from each other. These treatments presented an increase in the percentage of fruits in class 1 (26.3% and 19.4%, respectively), and a decrease in the percentage of fruits in class 3-6 (29.9% and 35.6%, respectively). In 2005/2006, spraying milk and Bacillus (10(7) cfu/mL) resulted in the highest percentage of fruits in class 1 (7.4 and 3.7%, respectively) and the lowest percentage of fruits in class 3-6 (64.4 and 71.0%, respectively). Plants treated with milk and Bacillus 10(8) cfu/mL had less disease during 2004/2005, with disease index (DI)=0.36, compared to DI of 0.43 for compost tea. In 2005/2006, values of DI in treatments with milk, Bacillus 10(7) cfu/mL and compost tea were 0.51, 0.53, and 0.53, respectively. The values of DI in plants sprayed with Trichoderma were 0.47 and 0.58, respectively for 2004/2005 and 2005/2006.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Guignardia citricarpa, mancha preta dos frutos cítricos, controle alternativo, controle biológico, chá de composto, Guignardia citricarpa, citrus black spot, alternative control, biological control, compost tea
Como citar
Tropical Plant Pathology. Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia, v. 35, n. 1, p. 037-042, 2010.