Atividade da 6-fosfogliconato desidrogenase em deficientes de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase
Data
2006-06-01
Autores
Nicolielo, Daniela B. [UNESP]
Ferreira, Rosecler I.P. [UNESP]
Leite, Amauri Antiquera [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e daSociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea
Resumo
As enzimas G6PD e 6PGD são responsáveis pela geração do aporte de NADPH, necessário para a detoxificação dos agentes oxidantes produzidos pelo estresse oxidativo metabólico nos eritrócitos. Devido à alta prevalência de deficiência de G6PD na população mundial, principalmente de origem negróide africana, muitos estudos têm sido realizados na tentativa de conhecer melhor a atuação destas enzimas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade enzimática da 6PGD, nos deficientes de G6PD, para verificar a existência de aumento da atividade desta enzima, correlacionando com um possível aumento do número de reticulócitos ou presença de alterações da série vermelha. A pesquisa em 2.657 indivíduos do sexo masculino resultou em 97 deficientes de G6PD, determinando uma prevalência de 3,65% para a região de Bauru (SP), com atividade enzimática média de G6PD de 1,74 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 a 37ºC, 14,4% da atividade da G6PD normal. A atividade enzimática média da 6PGD foi de 9,5 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 a 37ºC, estando aumentada em 47,4% dos deficientes de G6PD. Os resultados não confirmaram que a hipótese do aumento da atividade enzimática da 6PGD, em deficientes de G6PD, seja decorrente da presença de um número aumentado de reticulócitos na corrente circulatória, faixa etária ou alterações eritrocitométricas que denotem anemia. O mais provável é que a hemólise autolimitada, imposta pelos processos oxidativos, preserve os eritrócitos mais jovens, que possuem atividade enzimática mais elevada, uma vez que naturalmente ocorre diminuição da atividade destas enzimas com o envelhecimento celular.
The G6PD and 6PGD enzymes are responsible for the generation of NADPH supply necessary for the detoxification of the oxidant agents produced during the oxidative metabolic stress on erythrocytes. Due to the high prevalence of the deficiency of G6PD on world population, especially on Afro descents, many studies have been done trying to know better the actuation of these enzymes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the 6PGD enzymatic activity on a population with G6PD deficiency, to verify if there is an elevation of the activity of this enzyme, and try to correlate to a possible increase on the number of reticulocytes or the presence of alterations on red series. The research with 2657 male individuals detected 97 deficient for G6PD, which determined a 3.65% prevalence for the Bauru (SP) region, with mean enzymatic activity of 1.74 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 at 37ºC, 14,4% of the normal G6PD activity. Mean 6PGD enzymatic activity was 9.5 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 at 37ºC, and was elevated in 47.4% of the G6PD deficient individuals. The result obtained did not confirm the hypothesis that the elevation of the 6PGD enzymatic activity, in G6PD deficient individuals, was due to the presence of an increase of reticulocytes in blood stream, age or erythrocytometric alterations that could denote anemia. The most plausible theory is that the auto-limited hemolysis, imposed by oxidative processes, preserves young erythrocytes that have an elevated enzymatic activity, as naturally these enzymes lose activity with cellular aging.
The G6PD and 6PGD enzymes are responsible for the generation of NADPH supply necessary for the detoxification of the oxidant agents produced during the oxidative metabolic stress on erythrocytes. Due to the high prevalence of the deficiency of G6PD on world population, especially on Afro descents, many studies have been done trying to know better the actuation of these enzymes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the 6PGD enzymatic activity on a population with G6PD deficiency, to verify if there is an elevation of the activity of this enzyme, and try to correlate to a possible increase on the number of reticulocytes or the presence of alterations on red series. The research with 2657 male individuals detected 97 deficient for G6PD, which determined a 3.65% prevalence for the Bauru (SP) region, with mean enzymatic activity of 1.74 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 at 37ºC, 14,4% of the normal G6PD activity. Mean 6PGD enzymatic activity was 9.5 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 at 37ºC, and was elevated in 47.4% of the G6PD deficient individuals. The result obtained did not confirm the hypothesis that the elevation of the 6PGD enzymatic activity, in G6PD deficient individuals, was due to the presence of an increase of reticulocytes in blood stream, age or erythrocytometric alterations that could denote anemia. The most plausible theory is that the auto-limited hemolysis, imposed by oxidative processes, preserves young erythrocytes that have an elevated enzymatic activity, as naturally these enzymes lose activity with cellular aging.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase, 6-fosfogliconato desidrogenase, reticulócitos, eritrócitos, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, 6-phosphogluconato dehydrogenase, reticulocytes, red blood cells
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia. Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e daSociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea, v. 28, n. 2, p. 135-138, 2006.