Zinco plasmático e estado nutricional em idosos
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Data
2005-06-01
Autores
César, Thaís Borges [UNESP]
Wada, Silvia Regina [UNESP]
Borges, Renata Gracioso [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas
Resumo
OBJETIVO: Neste estudo foi avaliado o zinco plasmático associado ao estado nutricional de 80 indivíduos idosos saudáveis, atendidos no Centro de Reabilitação da Prefeitura Municipal de Araraquara, SP, entre 1998 e 1999. MÉTODOS: Os participantes foram entrevistados para obtenção dos dados de ingestão de alimentos e, a partir desses dados, foram estimados o consumo de macronutrientes e de zinco dietético. A concentração do zinco plasmático foi dosada por Espectroscopia de Emissão Atômica com Plasma de Argônio Induzido. Para a avaliação nutricional foram tomadas as medidas do peso corporal, altura, circunferência do braço e prega cutânea triciptal. RESULTADOS: A alimentação das mulheres foi adequada em proteínas e lipídios, mas insuficiente em carboidratos e energia. Os homens apresentaram ingestão suficiente de energia, mas com excesso de lípides associado à insuficiência de carboidratos. A ingestão média de zinco, pelas mulheres (10,8±4,1mg/d) e pelos homens (19,7±7,2mg/d), estava de acordo com a recomendação. As concentrações plasmáticas de zinco nas mulheres (7,2±3,5µmol/L) e nos homens (6,5±3,8µmol/L) estavam abaixo das referências para a idade, e não foram correlacionadas com o zinco alimentar. Foi detectada correlação significante e positiva entre o zinco plasmático e a ingestão de proteína; entretanto, essa correlação se apresentou negativa com a idade. CONCLUSÕES: A redução da biodisponibilidade do zinco dietético pode ter sido devida ao consumo elevado de leguminosas e ao consumo reduzido de carnes que, associados à ingestão energética insuficiente das mulheres, tiveram repercussões nas concentrações plasmáticas daquele nutriente. É necessária a atenção nutricional voltada aos idosos, visando melhorar a biodisponibilidade do zinco alimentar, e para prevenir ou corrigir sua deficiência por meio de suplementação.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the plasmatic zinc associated to the nutritional status of 80 elderly subjects, registered at the Rehabilitation Center of Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, from 1998 to 1999. METHODS: The 24-hour Dietary Recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire were applied and the consumption of nutrients, including mineral zinc, was calculated based on the responses. Induced Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, was used to measure plasmatic zinc levels. In addition, the following complementary data for nutrition evaluation were collected: the measurement of body weight, height, and triceps fold thickness. RESULTS: The diet of women was found satisfactory in protein and lipids, but low in carbohydrate and energy. Men had adequate intake of energy, but with low intake of carbohydrate, and high intake of protein and lipids. The average intake of zinc by women (10.8±4.1mg/d) and men (19.7±7.2mg/d) were in accord to the recommended levels. Plasma zinc averages in women (7.2± 3.5µmol/L) and men (6.5±3.8µmol/L) were lower than the reference values. No correlation between zinc intake and zinc level in the plasma was detected, but zinc level in the plasma was positively correlated to protein intake; nonetheless, this correlation was found negative respective to age. CONCLUSIONS: High intake of legumes and low intake of animal protein, associated to poor energy diets for women, apparently decreased the bioavailability of zinc in the diet. The diet of the elderly should be nutritionally controlled, in order to improve the bioavailability of micronutrients such as zinc, and to prevent or correct any deficiency by supplementation.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the plasmatic zinc associated to the nutritional status of 80 elderly subjects, registered at the Rehabilitation Center of Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, from 1998 to 1999. METHODS: The 24-hour Dietary Recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire were applied and the consumption of nutrients, including mineral zinc, was calculated based on the responses. Induced Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, was used to measure plasmatic zinc levels. In addition, the following complementary data for nutrition evaluation were collected: the measurement of body weight, height, and triceps fold thickness. RESULTS: The diet of women was found satisfactory in protein and lipids, but low in carbohydrate and energy. Men had adequate intake of energy, but with low intake of carbohydrate, and high intake of protein and lipids. The average intake of zinc by women (10.8±4.1mg/d) and men (19.7±7.2mg/d) were in accord to the recommended levels. Plasma zinc averages in women (7.2± 3.5µmol/L) and men (6.5±3.8µmol/L) were lower than the reference values. No correlation between zinc intake and zinc level in the plasma was detected, but zinc level in the plasma was positively correlated to protein intake; nonetheless, this correlation was found negative respective to age. CONCLUSIONS: High intake of legumes and low intake of animal protein, associated to poor energy diets for women, apparently decreased the bioavailability of zinc in the diet. The diet of the elderly should be nutritionally controlled, in order to improve the bioavailability of micronutrients such as zinc, and to prevent or correct any deficiency by supplementation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
biodisponibilidade, estado nutricional, idosos, zinco alimentar, zinco plasmático, bioavailability, nutritional status, aged, diet zinc, plasma zinc
Como citar
Revista de Nutrição. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, v. 18, n. 3, p. 357-365, 2005.