Adubação mineral, esterco de curral e lodo de esgoto no desenvolvimento inicial do cafeeiro
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Data
2006-01-27
Autores
Mobricci, Cassiano Augusto de Nadai [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O lodo de esgoto (LE) é um resíduo do tratamento das águas servidas, sejam domésticas, industriais ou agroindustriais, contendo níveis de matéria orgânica, macro e micronutrientes fundamentais para a fertilidade do solo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento de plantas de café, comparando a utilização de lodo de esgoto, esterco de curral curtido (EC) e adubação mineral, avaliando-se o desenvolvimento das plantas, alterações na fertilidade do solo e o estado nutricional das plantas, bem como o acúmulo de metais pesados que pudessem atingir concentrações fitotóxicas para o solo e às plantas manejadas com as diferentes doses de lodo de esgoto. O experimento foi instalado em vasos de 20 litros preenchidos com LATOSSOLO VERMELHO. Foi utilizado o cultivar de café Tupi, linhagem IAC 1669-33 como planta indicadora. Constituiu de nove tratamentos e oito repetições, totalizando 72 plantas. Foram avaliados a cada dois meses os parâmetros de altura das plantas e diâmetro da copa. Depois de 12 meses foi avaliada a composição química das folhas fisiologicamente maduras, visando determinar N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn e Mo e os metais pesados As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Ni e Se. No mesmo período foram retiradas amostras de solo das parcelas, onde quatro amostras simples foram homogeneizadas, secas ao ar e peneiradas para posteriormente ser retirada uma amostragem composta para se determinar os nutrientes. As médias das características foram avaliadas pelo quadro de análise de variância (ANAVA) e regressão linear múltipla e comparadas pelo Teste de Tukey a um nível de 5% de significância. Os resultados comprovam a eficiência do lodo de esgoto no fornecimento de nutrientes às plantas de café, principalmente, N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn e na redução da acidez ativa e potencial dos solos. A elevação do pH e o aumento dos teores de 2 matéria orgânica...
The sewage sludge is a residue of served water treatment (domestic, industrial or agoindustrial water), with organic material levels and basic macro and micronutrients for the soil fertility. This work had the aim of studying the behavior of coffee plants, comparing the sewage sludge, corral manure and mineral fertilization usage, evaluating the plants development, soil fertility alterations and plants nutritional state, as well the accumulation of heavy metal which could reach biotoxic concentrations for the soil and plants treated with the different doses of sewage sludge. The experiment had been installed in 20 liters vases filled with RED LATOSSOIL. It had been used Tupi Coffee, ancestry IAC 1669-33 as indicator plant. The experiment had been constituted of 9 treatments and 8 replications, totaling 72 plants. The biometrics parameters of plants had been evaluated in each 2 months, as plants height, cop diameter. After 12 months, the chemical compound of physiological mature leaves had been evaluated, aiming to determine N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn Zn, Mo and the heavy metals As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Se. In the same period, soil samples had been removed from the plots, in which 4 simple samples had been homogenized, dried in air and sifted, and later, compound samples had been removed to determine the nutrients. The averages of the characteristics had been evaluated by the variation analysis chart (ANAVA) and multiple linear regression and compared by the Tukey Test, with 5% significance level. The results prove the efficiency of sewage sludge to provide nutrients to coffee plants, mainly N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn and reduce the active and potential acidity of soils. The pH elevation and organic material tenors increase provided by the sewage sludge and corral manure treatments conduced a smaller mobility of heavy metals in soils and leaves, 4 not reaching critical levels to the environment or to the coffee plants.
The sewage sludge is a residue of served water treatment (domestic, industrial or agoindustrial water), with organic material levels and basic macro and micronutrients for the soil fertility. This work had the aim of studying the behavior of coffee plants, comparing the sewage sludge, corral manure and mineral fertilization usage, evaluating the plants development, soil fertility alterations and plants nutritional state, as well the accumulation of heavy metal which could reach biotoxic concentrations for the soil and plants treated with the different doses of sewage sludge. The experiment had been installed in 20 liters vases filled with RED LATOSSOIL. It had been used Tupi Coffee, ancestry IAC 1669-33 as indicator plant. The experiment had been constituted of 9 treatments and 8 replications, totaling 72 plants. The biometrics parameters of plants had been evaluated in each 2 months, as plants height, cop diameter. After 12 months, the chemical compound of physiological mature leaves had been evaluated, aiming to determine N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn Zn, Mo and the heavy metals As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Se. In the same period, soil samples had been removed from the plots, in which 4 simple samples had been homogenized, dried in air and sifted, and later, compound samples had been removed to determine the nutrients. The averages of the characteristics had been evaluated by the variation analysis chart (ANAVA) and multiple linear regression and compared by the Tukey Test, with 5% significance level. The results prove the efficiency of sewage sludge to provide nutrients to coffee plants, mainly N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn and reduce the active and potential acidity of soils. The pH elevation and organic material tenors increase provided by the sewage sludge and corral manure treatments conduced a smaller mobility of heavy metals in soils and leaves, 4 not reaching critical levels to the environment or to the coffee plants.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Café - Cultivo, Lodo de esgoto, Matéria orgânica, Plantas - Efeito dos metais pesados, Bovino - Esterco, Sewage sludge, Coffea arabica, Organic material, Heavy metals
Como citar
MOBRICCI, Cassiano Augusto de Nadai. Adubação mineral, esterco de curral e lodo de esgoto no desenvolvimento inicial do cafeeiro. 2006. viii, 64 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2006.