Método simplificado de extração e quantificação do herbicida tebuthiuron em solo sob diferentes sistemas de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2009-07-31
Autores
Zapparoli , Rodolfo Alexandre [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nas três últimas décadas, a utilização de herbicidas vem aumentando progressivamente no mundo. Com isso, cresce a importância do entendimento do destino final dessas moléculas, ou seja, o estudo do comportamento dos herbicidas no solo. O tebuthiuron é um herbicida residual utilizado no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, em aplicações de pré-emergência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o residual do herbicida tebuthiuron em amostras de solo, coletadas em áreas de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, utilizando metodologias distintas de extração bem como análises cromatográficas. Foram coletadas amostras de solo (0-10 cm), dos sistemas de cana crua e queimada, em 49 áreas pertencentes ao Grupo Cosan – Unidade Barra, as quais receberam aplicação de tebuthiuron na safra 2005/06 e 2006/07. Foram utilizados dois extratores para a recuperação do produto presente nas amostras: cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2) e solução de solo. A quantificação do herbicida foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). Os dados obtidos foram ajustados por modelo logarítmico. Os métodos de extração mostraram-se apropriados para avaliar quantitativamente o herbicida tebuthiuron, verificando-se elevada correlação entre os dados obtidos. A concentração média, inicial e final do produto no sistema de cana crua e queimada foram de 40,76 e 8,44, 56,57 e 5,71 ng g-1, respectivamente. Após um ciclo da cultura constatou-se no sistema de cana crua 20,72% da dose inicial enquanto no sistema de cana queimada apenas 10,09%, mostrando assim maior residual do produto no sistema com palha.
The use of herbicides has been increasing progressively in the last three decades around the world. Thereby, it increases the importance of understanding the final destiny of these molecules, it means, the study of herbicide behavior’s in the soil. Tebuthiuron is a residual herbicide used in pre-emergence applications at sugarcane crop. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the residual of tebuthiuron in soil samples, collected in sugarcane crop, using different extraction methods as well as chromatographic analyses. Soil samples were collected (0-10 cm) on raw and burned sugarcane systems, at 49 areas belonging to Cosan Group - Barra Unit, which received tebuthiuron applications at 2005/06 and 2006/07 seasons. Two extractors were used to recovery the herbicide present in the samples: calcium chloride (CaCl2) and soil solution. The herbicide quantification was accomplished by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The results obtained were adjusted by the logarithmic model. Both extraction methods produced highly correlated results. The initial and final concentration of the herbicide in the areas under two different production systems (sugarcane harvested green and burned sugarcane) were 40,76 and 8,44; 56,57 and 5,71 ng g-1, respectively. After a complete crop cycle (12-18 months from harvest to harvest) it were observed concentrations of tebuthiuron in soil solution equivalent to 20,72% and 10,09% of the initial rate in sugarcane harvested green and burned sugarcane, respectively.
The use of herbicides has been increasing progressively in the last three decades around the world. Thereby, it increases the importance of understanding the final destiny of these molecules, it means, the study of herbicide behavior’s in the soil. Tebuthiuron is a residual herbicide used in pre-emergence applications at sugarcane crop. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the residual of tebuthiuron in soil samples, collected in sugarcane crop, using different extraction methods as well as chromatographic analyses. Soil samples were collected (0-10 cm) on raw and burned sugarcane systems, at 49 areas belonging to Cosan Group - Barra Unit, which received tebuthiuron applications at 2005/06 and 2006/07 seasons. Two extractors were used to recovery the herbicide present in the samples: calcium chloride (CaCl2) and soil solution. The herbicide quantification was accomplished by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The results obtained were adjusted by the logarithmic model. Both extraction methods produced highly correlated results. The initial and final concentration of the herbicide in the areas under two different production systems (sugarcane harvested green and burned sugarcane) were 40,76 and 8,44; 56,57 and 5,71 ng g-1, respectively. After a complete crop cycle (12-18 months from harvest to harvest) it were observed concentrations of tebuthiuron in soil solution equivalent to 20,72% and 10,09% of the initial rate in sugarcane harvested green and burned sugarcane, respectively.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Herbicidas, Analise cromatografica, Tebuthiuron, Extraction, High performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), Herbicide, Soil
Como citar
ZAPPAROLI , Rodolfo Alexandre. Método simplificado de extração e quantificação do herbicida tebuthiuron em solo sob diferentes sistemas de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar. 2009. viii, 71 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2009.