Nitrogênio na semeadura e em cobertura para o feijoeiro em sistema plantio direto em fase de implantação e consolidado
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Data
2010-08-13
Autores
Perez, Adelson Antonio Guidolin [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o aumento do cultivo de feijão no sistema plantio direto, torna-se necessário o conhecimento da reposta dessa cultura ao nitrogênio em solo sem preparo convencional por diferentes períodos de tempo, já que a disponibilidade desse nutriente pode ser alterada pelo sistema de manejo do solo. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação antecipada e/ou em cobertura do nitrogênio no feijoeiro cultivado em áreas com sistema plantio direto recém-implantado ou consolidado. O experimento foi conduzido durante o período “da seca”, nos anos agrícolas 2007/08 e 2008/09, em um Nitossolo Vermelho, no município de Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por quatro sistemas de manejo (SPDR: sistema plantio direto recém-implantado (a cultura do feijão será a primeira cultura a ser implantada no sistema de plantio direto); SPDC: sistema plantio direto consolidado (23 anos após a implantação); SPDR+N: sistema plantio direto recém-implantado com aplicação de 60 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio antecipado; SPDC+N: sistema plantio direto consolidado com aplicação de 60 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio antecipado). As subparcelas foram constituídas por quatro doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 30, 60 e 120 kg ha-1). A adubação de cobertura foi efetuada no estádio fenológico V4, nos dois anos agrícolas. O tempo que a área permaneceu sob sistema plantio direto não influenciou a resposta do feijoeiro à adubação nitrogenada. A antecipação do N contribuiu para a manutenção da população de plantas almejada. A aplicação de N antecipado e em cobertura aumentou o número de vagens por planta, a massa dos grãos, o teor de proteína nos grãos e a produtividade de grãos do feijoeiro.Houve maior eficiência de uso do N quando este foi antecipado, do que quando...
With the increase in common bean growth under no-tillage, it is necessary to know the response of this crop to nitrogen in soil without conventional tillage for different periods of time, since the availability of this nutrient can changed by the system of soil management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen early and/or sidedressed application for common bean crop, grown in newly implemented and established no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted during the dry period, in the 2007/08 and 2008/09 cropping seasons, on a Red Nitosol (Alfisol) located in Botucatu County, São Paulo State, Brazil. A randomized complete block design, in split-plot scheme, and four replications was used. The plots were composed by four management systems (NNT: newly implemented no-tillage system (common bean crop was the first to be cropped in no-tillage system); ENT: established no-tillage system (23 years without soil tillage); NNT+N: newly implemented notillage system with application of 60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen early at common bean sowing, and ENT+N established no-tillage system with application of 60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen early at common bean sowing). The subplots were composed by four sidedressed nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1). The nitrogen sidedressing fertilization was performed in the V4 growth stage, in both cropping seasons. The time that area remained under no-tillage system did not influence the response of common bean plants to nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen early application at common bean sowing contributed to maintaining the desired plant population. Nitrogen early and sidedressing application increased pods number per plant, grains weight,protein concentration in grains and grain yield of common bean. Nitrogen early application was more efficient than sidedressing application
With the increase in common bean growth under no-tillage, it is necessary to know the response of this crop to nitrogen in soil without conventional tillage for different periods of time, since the availability of this nutrient can changed by the system of soil management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen early and/or sidedressed application for common bean crop, grown in newly implemented and established no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted during the dry period, in the 2007/08 and 2008/09 cropping seasons, on a Red Nitosol (Alfisol) located in Botucatu County, São Paulo State, Brazil. A randomized complete block design, in split-plot scheme, and four replications was used. The plots were composed by four management systems (NNT: newly implemented no-tillage system (common bean crop was the first to be cropped in no-tillage system); ENT: established no-tillage system (23 years without soil tillage); NNT+N: newly implemented notillage system with application of 60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen early at common bean sowing, and ENT+N established no-tillage system with application of 60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen early at common bean sowing). The subplots were composed by four sidedressed nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1). The nitrogen sidedressing fertilization was performed in the V4 growth stage, in both cropping seasons. The time that area remained under no-tillage system did not influence the response of common bean plants to nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen early application at common bean sowing contributed to maintaining the desired plant population. Nitrogen early and sidedressing application increased pods number per plant, grains weight,protein concentration in grains and grain yield of common bean. Nitrogen early application was more efficient than sidedressing application
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plantas - Efeito do nitrogenio, Feijão, Plantio direto, Semeadura, Phaseolus vulgaris, Nitrogen, Soil tillage systems, Application timing, Grain yield
Como citar
PEREZ, Adelson Antonio Guidolin. Nitrogênio na semeadura e em cobertura para o feijoeiro em sistema plantio direto em fase de implantação e consolidado. 2010. x, 69 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2010.