Ecotoxicidade e eficácia da oxitetraciclina e do florfenicol contra infecção experimental por Aeromonas hydrophila e aspectos histopatológicos em pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
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Data
2010-03-29
Autores
Carraschi, Silvia Patrícia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Um dos problemas da aqüicultura é a ocorrência freqüente de infecções por parasitos e bactérias, principalmente em sistemas de criação intensiva. Entre os antibióticos, a oxitetraciclina (OTC) e o florfenicol (FFC) são os mais usados para tratar infecções causadas por bactérias em peixes. Os objetivos foram estimar a concentração letal 50% (CL50;48h) da OTC (Terramicina®) e do FFC (Aquaflor®) para o pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), classificar a OTC e o FFC pelo risco de intoxicação ambiental; determinar a dose eficaz de OTC e de FFC administrada na ração para o controle da infecção por Aeromonas hydrophila em pacu; avaliar o efeito da diluição da OTC e do FFC nas variáveis de qualidade de água durante os testes de toxicidade e durante o tratamento e avaliar as alterações histopatológicas após o tratamento com OTC e FFC. Para os testes de toxicidade aguda os animais (peso entre 0,5 e 1,0 g) foram expostos a 7,0; 7,5; 8,0 e 8,5 mgL-1 de OTC ou a 600,0; 700,0; 800,0; 900,0 e 1000,0 mgL-1 de FFC e um tratamento controle. A OTC e o FFC foram classificados pela toxicidade aguda e pelo risco ambiental de acordo com as classes de valores de CL50;48h. Para o tratamento de infecção induzida por A. hydrophila (3.0 x108 bactéria.mL-1), foram realizados dois testes, um com OTC (110,0; 140,0 e 170,0 mg.Kg-1) e outro com FFC (5,0; 10,0 e 15,0 mg.Kg-1). Os tratamentos foram três concentrações de cada antibiótico, um controle sem infecção e um com infecção. Para análise histopatológica foram coletados fragmentos de brânquia, fígado, rim e pele dos peixes após o tratamento com os antibióticos. As variáveis de qualidade de água registradas diariamente foram pH, temperatura, condutividade elétrica e concentração de oxigênio dissolvido, nos testes de toxicidade aguda e durante os testes de concentrações curativas. Nos testes de toxicidade aguda, a CL50;48h...
One of the main problems of modern aquaculture is the occurrence of infection of farmed fish by parasites and bacteria, especially in intensive systems. Among the antibiotics, the oxytetracycline (OTC) and the florfenicol (FFC) are the most commonly used to treat infections caused by bacteria in fishes. The objective was to estimate the 50% lethal concentration (LC50, 48h) of OTC (Terramycin®) and of the FFC (AQUAFLOR®) for the pacu (P. mesopotamicus), classify the OTC and FFC of according the assessment risk and to determine the effective concentration of OTC and of FFC administered in feed for control of Aeromona hydrophila in pacu; to evaluate the effect of dilution of OTC and of the FFC in variables in water quality during toxicity tests and for treatment and to evaluate the histopathological changes after treatment with OTC and FFC. For acute toxicity tests the animals (weighing between 0.5 and 1.0 g) were exposed to 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 mg.L-1 OTC or 600.0, 700 , 0, 800.0, 900.0 and 1000.0 mg.L-1 of FFC and a control treatment. The OTC and the FFC were classified for acute toxicity and for environmental risk of according with the ranking of value of LC 50;48h. For the treatment of A. hydrophila induced by experimental infection (3.0 x108 bactéria.mL-1), were carried out two tests, one with OTC (110.0, 140.0 and 170.0 mg.Kg-1) and another with FFC (5.0; 10.0 and 15.0 mg.Kg-1). The treatments included three concentration of antibiotic, a control without infection and a with infections. For histopathological analysis were collected gill tissue, liver, kidney and skin of fish after the treatment of bacterial diseases with antibiotics. The water quality variables were recorded daily pH, temperature, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen in acute toxicity tests and during treatment. In tests of acute toxicity, the LC50;48h estimated of OTC for pacu was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
One of the main problems of modern aquaculture is the occurrence of infection of farmed fish by parasites and bacteria, especially in intensive systems. Among the antibiotics, the oxytetracycline (OTC) and the florfenicol (FFC) are the most commonly used to treat infections caused by bacteria in fishes. The objective was to estimate the 50% lethal concentration (LC50, 48h) of OTC (Terramycin®) and of the FFC (AQUAFLOR®) for the pacu (P. mesopotamicus), classify the OTC and FFC of according the assessment risk and to determine the effective concentration of OTC and of FFC administered in feed for control of Aeromona hydrophila in pacu; to evaluate the effect of dilution of OTC and of the FFC in variables in water quality during toxicity tests and for treatment and to evaluate the histopathological changes after treatment with OTC and FFC. For acute toxicity tests the animals (weighing between 0.5 and 1.0 g) were exposed to 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 mg.L-1 OTC or 600.0, 700 , 0, 800.0, 900.0 and 1000.0 mg.L-1 of FFC and a control treatment. The OTC and the FFC were classified for acute toxicity and for environmental risk of according with the ranking of value of LC 50;48h. For the treatment of A. hydrophila induced by experimental infection (3.0 x108 bactéria.mL-1), were carried out two tests, one with OTC (110.0, 140.0 and 170.0 mg.Kg-1) and another with FFC (5.0; 10.0 and 15.0 mg.Kg-1). The treatments included three concentration of antibiotic, a control without infection and a with infections. For histopathological analysis were collected gill tissue, liver, kidney and skin of fish after the treatment of bacterial diseases with antibiotics. The water quality variables were recorded daily pH, temperature, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen in acute toxicity tests and during treatment. In tests of acute toxicity, the LC50;48h estimated of OTC for pacu was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Antibiotics, Disease, Ecotoxicology, Terapy, Pacu (Peixe), Antibióticos, Doenças, Ecotoxicidade, Terapia
Como citar
CARRASCHI, Silvia Patrícia. Ecotoxicidade e eficácia da oxitetraciclina e do florfenicol contra infecção experimental por Aeromonas hydrophila e aspectos histopatológicos em pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). 2010. xiv, 61 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aquicultura, 2010.