Atributos químicos em solos tratados com lodo biológico de indústria de gelatina
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Data
2009-12-07
Autores
Guimarães, Rita de Cássia Melo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O impacto dos resíduos orgânicos agroindustriais no ambiente pode ser reduzido pelo seu uso agrícola e, do ponto de vista da fertilidade do solo, o que se deseja com a aplicação dos resíduos é aumentar o teor de matéria orgânica do solo e fornecer nutrientes para as plantas. Com este trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do lodo biológico de indústria de gelatina em atributos químicos de dois Argissolos Vermelho-Amarelos (PVA-1, arenoso e PVA-2, textura média) e de um Latossolo Vermelho (LV, argiloso) e determinar as frações de mineralização do carbono e do nitrogênio no PVA-2. Todos os experimentos foram conduzidos em condições de laboratório, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com seis doses de lodo (0; 100; 200; 300; 400 e 500 m3 ha-1) e três repetições. Após 120 dias de incubação, o lodo biológico aumentou o valor de pH, a CTC efetiva, os teores de P, Ca, Mg, Na e N-inorgânico, diminuiu os teores de Al e H+Al e não alterou os teores de matéria orgânica dos solos. O aumento nos teores de Ca, Mg e Na foi cerca de três vezes maior do que o da CTC efetiva, o que indica que a maior parte do aumento é devido ao acúmulo de sais em solução e, por isso, há potencial para perdas por lixiviação. A fração de mineralização do carbono foi superior a 100%, indicando efeito “priming”, ao final de 193 dias de incubação. A fração de mineralização do nitrogênio em 126 dias foi superior a 74% e a meia vida média foi de 8,7 dias, indicando que o N do resíduo é rapidamente disponibilizado para as plantas
The impact of agro-industrial organic wastes in the environment can be reduced by its use in agricultural systems and from the point of view of soil fertility increasing the soil organic matter content and providing nutrients to the plants are desirable. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gelatin industry biological sludge in chemical attributes of two Ultisols (S1, sand and S2, loam) and a Oxisol (S3, clay) and to determine the carbon and nitrogen mineralization fractions in S2. The experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions, in a completely randomized design with six biological sludge rates (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 m3 ha-1) and three replicates. After 120 days of incubation, the biological sludge increased the value of pH, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), P, Ca, Mg, Na and inorganic N contents, decreased Al and H + Al contents, and did not affect organic matter content in soils. The increase in Ca, Mg and Na contents was about three times greater than the ECEC, indicating that most of this increase is due to salts accumulation in solution and therefore there is potential for leaching losses. Carbon mineralization fraction was greater than 100%, indicating priming effect at the end of 193 days of incubation. Nitrogen mineralization fraction in 126 days was greater than 74% and the half-life averaged was 8.7 days, indicating that the nitrogen in the biological sludge is readily available to the plants
The impact of agro-industrial organic wastes in the environment can be reduced by its use in agricultural systems and from the point of view of soil fertility increasing the soil organic matter content and providing nutrients to the plants are desirable. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gelatin industry biological sludge in chemical attributes of two Ultisols (S1, sand and S2, loam) and a Oxisol (S3, clay) and to determine the carbon and nitrogen mineralization fractions in S2. The experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions, in a completely randomized design with six biological sludge rates (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 m3 ha-1) and three replicates. After 120 days of incubation, the biological sludge increased the value of pH, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), P, Ca, Mg, Na and inorganic N contents, decreased Al and H + Al contents, and did not affect organic matter content in soils. The increase in Ca, Mg and Na contents was about three times greater than the ECEC, indicating that most of this increase is due to salts accumulation in solution and therefore there is potential for leaching losses. Carbon mineralization fraction was greater than 100%, indicating priming effect at the end of 193 days of incubation. Nitrogen mineralization fraction in 126 days was greater than 74% and the half-life averaged was 8.7 days, indicating that the nitrogen in the biological sludge is readily available to the plants
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Waste, Soil fertility, Mineralization, Solo, Resíduo, Solos - Fertilidade, Solo - mineralização
Como citar
GUIMARÃES, Rita de Cássia Melo. Atributos químicos em solos tratados com lodo biológico de indústria de gelatina. 2009. vii, 48 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.