Biodiesel de mamona em trator agrícola na operação de preparo do solo
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Data
2007-07-24
Autores
Barbosa, Ana Lúcia Paschoa Botelho Ferreira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Considerando-se o petróleo um recurso natural não-renovável, o Biodiesel apresenta-se como relevante alternativa de combustível, sendo ele renovável, biodegradável e podendo ser produzido a partir de gordura animal ou óleo vegetal transesterificado com álcool anidro, na presença de catalisador. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho operacional e a opacidade da fumaça de um trator agrícola funcionando com Biodiesel de mamona, em operação de preparo de solo. O ensaio foi conduzido no Departamento de Engenharia Rural da UNESP-Jaboticabal, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 6x2, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator representa seis proporções percentuais de Biodiesel + diesel de B0 (0+100), B5 (5+95), B15 (15+85), B25 (25+75), B50 (50+50) e B75 (75+25) e o segundo representa duas operações de preparo do solo (gradagem e escarificação). Ressalta-se que B75 foi a máxima proporção de mistura, devido ao alto índice de viscosidade do biocombustível, sendo tal característica limitadora para o funcionamento do motor diesel. Os resultados evidenciaram aumento no consumo específico de 19% quando se utilizou B75 em relação a B0. A operação de gradagem teve consumo específico 16% maior em relação à operação de escarificação. Para a opacidade da fumaça, houve redução de 35% de B75 comparado com B0.
Considering petroleum as a non-renewable natural resource, Biodiesel presents itself as a relevant fuel alternative, being renewable, biodegradable and can be produced from vegetal oil transesterification with anhydride alcohol in the presence of a catalisator. This work has the goal of analyzing the operational performance and smoke opacity of a agricultural tractor running with mamona Biodiesel in soil tillage operations. The test was done in the Department of Rural Engineering of UNESP-Jaboticabal in design completely randomized, in factorial scheme 6x2, with four repetitions. The first factor represents six percentual proportions of Biodiesel plus diesel B0 (0+100), B5 (5+95), B15 (15+85), B25 (25+75), B50 (50+50) e B75 (75+25) and the second represents two soil tillage operations (harrowing and chiseling). It is important to note that B75 was the maximum mixture proportion due to the high level of biofuel viscosity, this characteristic being not recommended for diesel engines. The results showed that the specific consumption raised by 19% when B75 was used instead of B0. The harrowing operation had specific consumption 16% higher than the chiseling operation. For smoke opacity, it was noted a reduction of 35% of B75 compared to B0.
Considering petroleum as a non-renewable natural resource, Biodiesel presents itself as a relevant fuel alternative, being renewable, biodegradable and can be produced from vegetal oil transesterification with anhydride alcohol in the presence of a catalisator. This work has the goal of analyzing the operational performance and smoke opacity of a agricultural tractor running with mamona Biodiesel in soil tillage operations. The test was done in the Department of Rural Engineering of UNESP-Jaboticabal in design completely randomized, in factorial scheme 6x2, with four repetitions. The first factor represents six percentual proportions of Biodiesel plus diesel B0 (0+100), B5 (5+95), B15 (15+85), B25 (25+75), B50 (50+50) e B75 (75+25) and the second represents two soil tillage operations (harrowing and chiseling). It is important to note that B75 was the maximum mixture proportion due to the high level of biofuel viscosity, this characteristic being not recommended for diesel engines. The results showed that the specific consumption raised by 19% when B75 was used instead of B0. The harrowing operation had specific consumption 16% higher than the chiseling operation. For smoke opacity, it was noted a reduction of 35% of B75 compared to B0.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tratores agricolas, Fumaça, Biocombustível, Biofuel, Tractor test, Smoke opacity
Como citar
BARBOSA, Ana Lúcia Paschoa Botelho Ferreira. Biodiesel de mamona em trator agrícola na operação de preparo do solo. 2007. xiii, 62 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.