O ser e o estar índio: produção de identidades entre kaingang e krenak, em Vanuíre
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Data
2007-04-27
Autores
Cruz, Leonardo de Oliveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A discussão antropológica sobre a questão da identidade étnica e da etnicidade tem sido objeto de recentes trabalhos etnológicos, pois há um grande número de etnias indígenas que está reivindicando o seu papel dentro da sociedade envolvente. Estes índios são aqueles que ficaram ausentes dos estudos etnológicos e até mesmo de políticas governamentais, devido cair sobre eles o duro fardo de manterem relações constantes com o não-índio, tornando-se comum encontrarmos elementos da cultura ocidental no interior de sua organização social, o que para muitos seria o processo de integração e assimilação do índio à sociedade nacional. Porém, nas últimas quatro décadas, diferentes grupos indígenas vêm se organizando em torno de sua identidade, reforçando-a através de traços culturais recriados, reinventados ou retomados para marcar a sua diferença. É o que vem acontecendo com os índios Kaingang paulistas e os Krenak do Posto Indígena Vanuíre, localizado na cidade de Arco-íris na região oeste do estado de São Paulo, onde se relacionam e se organizam para fortalecer as suas diferenças. Desta forma, os indígenas de Vanuíre têm conquistado espaço e respeito pelos regionais, ao mesmo tempo em que fortalecem seus laços intra-aldeia e demarcam fronteiras culturais entre os dois grupos étnicos. A matéria-prima para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi uma bibliografia específica sobre a questão indígena no oeste paulista e de teorias sobre o conceito de cultura, identidade e etnicidade e pesquisa de campo.
The anthropologic discussion about ethnic identity issues ethinicity has been subject of recent ethnological works, because there are great numbers of indigenous ethnic groups who are complaining their rules inside the compelling society. These natives are those who for a long time have stayed absent from ethinological studies and even from government policy. For them, it was hard to keep constant relations with non-native and it is common to find ocidental cultural elements inside their social organization that, for many people, it would be the integration and assimilation process of indians to be national society. However, in the last decades, different indigenous groups have been organizing according their identity, reinforcing them through some cultural traits recriated, reinvented or retaken to mark their diferences. It is happening to the Kaigang paulistas and to the Krenak indians who are living in Posto Indígena Vanuíre into Arco-íris city located in the west of São Paulo State. In this place, they keep in touch and they organize themselves to make their differences stronger. Thus, the native from Vanuíre has conquered space and respect by the people from that region and at the same moment, they strength their intravillage tie and limit cultural frontiers betwen who ethinical groups. A specified bibliography about indigenous issues was used as resource material into paulista west region and theories about the concept of culture, identity, ethinicity and a field research.
The anthropologic discussion about ethnic identity issues ethinicity has been subject of recent ethnological works, because there are great numbers of indigenous ethnic groups who are complaining their rules inside the compelling society. These natives are those who for a long time have stayed absent from ethinological studies and even from government policy. For them, it was hard to keep constant relations with non-native and it is common to find ocidental cultural elements inside their social organization that, for many people, it would be the integration and assimilation process of indians to be national society. However, in the last decades, different indigenous groups have been organizing according their identity, reinforcing them through some cultural traits recriated, reinvented or retaken to mark their diferences. It is happening to the Kaigang paulistas and to the Krenak indians who are living in Posto Indígena Vanuíre into Arco-íris city located in the west of São Paulo State. In this place, they keep in touch and they organize themselves to make their differences stronger. Thus, the native from Vanuíre has conquered space and respect by the people from that region and at the same moment, they strength their intravillage tie and limit cultural frontiers betwen who ethinical groups. A specified bibliography about indigenous issues was used as resource material into paulista west region and theories about the concept of culture, identity, ethinicity and a field research.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Índios kaingang e krenak - Identidade étnica, Índios de Vanuíre - Cultura, Etnologia, Cultura, identidade e etnicidade - Teorias, Ethnic identity, Ethinicity
Como citar
CRUZ, Leonardo de Oliveira. O ser e o estar índio: produção de identidades entre kaingang e krenak, em Vanuíre. 2007. 129 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, 2007.