Artigos - Engenharia Civil - FEG

URI Permanente para esta coleção

https://hdl.handle.net/11449/9002

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 61

Identification of Research gaps on Municipal Solid Waste Management from Data Indexed in the SCOPUS Database
(Sindicato Secretarias Estado Sao Paulo, 2022-12-01) Espuny, Maximilian [UNESP]; Reis, Jose Salvador da Motta; Anaya, Yadirka Bolano [UNESP]; Cardoso, Ronald Palandi; Sampaio, Nilo Antonio de Souza; Barbosa, Luis Cesar Ferreira Motta; Oliveira, Otavio Jose de [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ); Ctr Fed Educ Tecnol RJ
This study aimed to identify the research gaps on the theme Municipal Solid Waste Management, as from the analysis of articles indexed in the SCOPUS database. For this objective to be achieved, an applied research of exploratory nature and qualitative approach was carried out. It is noteworthy that, as method and technical procedures were adopted, respectively, the bibliographic research and the literature review. The data used in the analysis were obtained from the SCOPUS database in May 2018 and treated using Microsoft Excel (R) software. It is noteworthy that as a selection criterion, thirty papers indexed in this base that presented the highest number of citations were analyzed. As main results, it can be highlighted that the identified gaps were grouped into eight categories. Among the categories analyzed, one can highlight life cycle assessment, with ten gaps, and tools for municipal solid waste management, with eight. It is also noteworthy that the category municipal solid waste management associated with other methodologies occupies the second position, along with tools for the management of municipal solid waste, indicating the lack of studies in the highlighted areas and pointing out the relevance of the theme for the academic environ.
Mapping Sustainability 4.0: contributions and limits of the symbiosis between technology and sustainable development
(Sindicato Secretarias Estado Sao Paulo, 2022-09-01) Reis, Jose Salvador da Motta; Espuny, Maximilian [UNESP]; Cardoso, Ronald Palandi; Sampaio, Nilo Antonio de Souza; Barros, Jose Glenio Medeiros de; Barbosa, Luis Cesar Ferreira Motta; Oliveira, Otavio Jose de [UNESP]; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Ctr Fed Educ Tecnol
The history of industry is marked by four industrial revolutions, and society is now in the consolidation of its fourth, which provides opportunities for sustainability, such as reduction in environmental impact and social inclusion. This article aims to identify the main authors, countries, articles, and research gaps on the theme Industry 4.0 and Corporate Sustainability; and to draw up a mind map with the research trends, through the analysis of the documents that are indexed in the Scopus database. Among the main trends that were identified in this article are: Industry 4.0 as a tool to support sustainability; Intersection and boundaries between sustainability and industry 4.0; Development of industry 4.0 along the lines of sustainability; Management applied in sustainable industry 4.0. The main contribution applied was the exposure of the possibilities that companies can implement, both in relation to sustainability in the development of innovative technologies, and the use of technologies to strengthen the pillars of sustainability.
Influence of coconut fiber on the microstructural, mechanical and hydraulic behavior of unsaturated compacted soil
(Associação Brasileira de Mecânica dos Solos, 2023-05-15) Gomes, Fernanda Santos [UNESP]; Motta, Mariana Ferreira Benessiuti [UNESP]; Bernardes, George De Paula [UNESP]; Soares, Paulo Valladares [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the addition of coconut (coir) fibers on the microstructural, hydraulic and mechanical behavior of an unsaturated compacted soil. Specimens were molded and compacted, forming composites with 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% fiber in relation to their dry mass. The characterization of pores from the soil and fiber soil mixtures was performed by the Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry tests. Suction values were obtained through the filter paper method and soil water retention curves were adjusted with the Durner model due to the bimodal behavior. Tensile strength values were obtained from the indirect tensile strength test (Brazilian tensile test) for specimens with different suction values. It was found that the increase in fiber content in the material lead to a non-linear increase in macropores, which affected both the hydraulic and mechanical behavior of the soil. Furthermore, the shape of the soil water retention curve was preserved, but there were changes in the values of first and second air entry and residual suction. The tensile strength was negatively influenced, reaching a reduction of about 30% in the situation with higher fiber content. However, for higher levels, the behavior of the soil changed from brittle to ductile, increasing the supported deformations.
Landslide susceptibility mapping based on rainfall scenarios: a case study from Sao Paulo in Brazil
(Amer Inst Mathematical Sciences-aims, 2022-01-01) Ramos, Leila Maria [UNESP]; Bazzan, Thiago; Motta, Mariana Ferreira Benessiuti [UNESP]; Bernardes, George de Paula [UNESP]; Giacheti, Heraldo Luiz [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Natl Inst Space Res
Mass movement susceptibility mapping from rainfall data and in situ site characterization constitute an important approach for preventing geological-geotechnical accidents on railroads and highways. A comprehensive site characterization program was conducted to identify slopes with mass movements along the 44 km of SP-171 road in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ninety-two slopes with some degree of instability were found along this section of the road, including rupture scars, active erosive processes and the presence of unstable rock blocks. Two scenarios for mass movement susceptibility (100 mm and 500 mm of accumulated rainfall) were defined by overlaying thematic maps of relief, soil type, geology, accumulated rainfall and declivity using geographic information system-based techniques. The results for both scenarios identified the regions with high and medium susceptibility to mass movements; for the scenario of 100 mm of accumulated rainfall; we found that 27% and 73% of the land area of SP-171 is respectively highly and moderately susceptible to landslide events. For the scenario of 500 mm, we found 58% and 40% to be highly and moderately susceptible areas. This study also allowed us to identify the main geotechnical problems along the 44 km of this road, and thus can be used to guide actions and decisions to avoid or minimize such problems.
Flexural performance of concrete beams reinforced with epoxy resin/glass and carbon fibers composites
(2021-01-01) Da Silva Braga, Tiago Teixeira [UNESP]; De Andrade, Nathan Pereira [UNESP]; Terni, Antônio Wanderley [UNESP]; Silveira, Daniel Cônsoli [UNESP]; Botelho, Edson Cocchieri [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Factors such as project and execution errors, lack of maintenance and inspection, and increases in loading can cause deficiencies to reinforced concrete structures. In this regard, there is the necessity of the application of structural reinforcement systems. This manuscript aims at the structural capacity analyses involving the bending of steel-reinforced concrete beams with additional reinforcement of polymer composites using glass and carbon fibers, and its comparison with regular reinforced concrete beams. Steel-reinforced concrete, polymeric composite, and hybrid beams (steel-reinforced concrete and polymeric composite combined) were submitted to the four-points bending test. Experimental and calculated results for the dimensioning of the beams were compared, allowing the validation of the calculation method and its implementation. It was possible to notice both the efficiency of the composite material applied as reinforcement, as well as the efficiency of the calculation models applied in this work.
Metodologia para a elaboração de mapa de potencialidade para a silvicultura com base em álgebra de mapas - A porção paulista da bacia do Rio Paraíba Do Sul, Brasil
(2013-01-01) Sátiro, Talita Peixoto de Oliveira [UNESP]; Simões, Silvio Jorge Coelho [UNESP]; Automare, Giordano Bruno; Bernardes, George de Paula [UNESP]; Soares, Paulo Valladares; Trannin, Isabel Cristina de Barros [UNESP]; Dias, Juliano Ferreira; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Fibria Celulose SA
This study developed a methodology in order to identify the most appropriate areas for eucalyptus plantations based in the interactions among physical landscape elements using GIS. The area of study is the Paraiba do Sul basin (southeast of Brazil), which has been chosen for being an area where a cycle of great expansion of the eucalyptus plantation has begun in the last decades. This basin comprises nearly 15.300 km2 and it characterized by a complex heterogeneous landscape. The analysis of the physical elements took into account thematic maps (geology, geomorphology and pedology) obtained from CEIVAP project in AUTOCAD format and later was converted and adjusted in ArcGIS® environment. To each landscape feature (rocks and structures, relief, and soil) it was applied a scale factor which corresponds the most suitable (5) or the less suitable (1) for the forest eucalyptus management. The final map (Silviculture Potentiality Map) indicated the areas, which might be considered the most favorable to the eucalyptus plantations. The most suitable areas are associated with well-drained, homogeneous and thick soils (oxisoils) and reliefs with low and intermediate steepness. The less favorable areas are associated with two types of very different physical substrates: a) areas of steeper relief with substratum of acid granites rocks and shallow soils (cambsols) and b), areas under conditions of poor drainage and high water table level associated with Paraiba do Sul River (gleysols). Results have showed that about 80% of the total area could be considered very good or good for eucalyptus plantation. Most part of these suitable areas represent vast region of migmatites rocks associated with Mountain with Steeper Hillslope relief and relatively shallow soils. The Silviculture Potentiality Map constitutes an important tool for eucalyptus plantation management particularly for the forestry activities in mountainous regions.
Experimental soil dynamic force: An improvement of Standard Penetration Test (SPT) interpretation
(2013-01-01) Lukiantchuki, J. A.; Bernardes, G. P.; Esquivel, E. R.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is widely used for geotechnical subsurface investigation. It is intended to provide soil properties and foundation design parameters. Schnaid et al. (2009) proposed a rational method to assess the dynamic force (F d), corresponding to the dynamic soil reaction to the sampler penetration, based on the amount of energy delivered to the sampler. This paper presents the results of SPT tests performed with two instrumented subassemblies, one placed at top and the other one at the bottom of the string of rods. This instrumentation allowed the assessment of the amount of energy transmitted to the string of rods, at sections just below the anvil and just above the sampler. Also, dynamic soil reaction forces were estimated through measurements of normal forces at a section just above the sampler. These reaction forces were then compared to the dynamic reaction forces estimated using the equation proposed by Schnaid et al. (2009). Results showed that experimental dynamic reaction values are lower than theoretical ones. However, it is possible to correct theoretical values using a multiplying factor, which can be evaluated from the amount of energy at top and bottom of the string of rods.
Segmental retaining wall: Comparison between predicted and observed slip surface
(2010-01-01) Benessiuti, M. F. [UNESP]; Bernardes, G. P. [UNESP]; Ananias, E. J.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Maccaferri do Brasil Ltda
Reinforced soil structures as geotechnical and environmental works solutions are greatly considered in Brazil. Nowadays, design analyses are commonly used specially for segmental retaining wall design (SRW). These methods are mostly conservative, presenting a considerable security margin, depending on the adopted safety factors. However, literature shows cases where the structure has not attained the predicted safety factor which resulted in failure. In order to verify the main factors that influence the design of a SRW structure, this work shows the back analysis of two reported cases histories where the reinforced structure came to failure. Internal and global stability analyses for these cases were performed with the use of MACS-TARS® 2000 program, according to Maccaferri (2004), which is based on limit equilibrium analyses. In these cases, it is possible to compare the predicted safety factor and the corresponding critical surface with the real observed slip surface. The analyses show values of safety factor close to the ones commented by the authors and the predicted critical surfaces were located at the same region observed in the field. However, the quality and reliability of analyses are directly related to the exact description of the existent conditions in the field and entrance parameters of each application. The case where this program is used, it is important to investigate different intervals to analyze the potential surfaces of rupture, as well as to choose the width of la-mellas that can influence the results of stability analysis.
Correlating soil porosity and respective geological unit in Paraíba do Sul Valley, Brazil - A geostatistical methodology proposal
(2012-01-01) Camarinha, P. I.M. [UNESP]; Simões, S. J.C. [UNESP]; Bernardes, G. P. [UNESP]; Trannin, I. C.B. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This manuscript aims proposing a methodology for correlating soil porosity to the respective geological units using geostatistical analysis techniques, including interpolation data by kriging. The site studied was in Lorena municipality, Paraíba do Sul Valley, southeastern Brazil. Specifically all studies were carried out within an area of 12 km2 located at Santa Edwirges farm. The database comprehended 41 soil samples taken at different geological and geomorphologic units at three different depths: surface, 50 cm and 100 cm depth. The geostatistical analyses results were correlated to a geological mapping specifically elaborated for the site. This mapping accounts for two different geological formations and a geological contact characterized by a shearing zone. The results indicate the existence of a significant relationship between the soil porosity and the respective geological units. The studies revealed that the residual soils from weathered granitic rocks tend to have higher porosities than the residual soils from weathered biotite gneiss rocks, while the soil porosity within the shearing zone is relatively un-sensitive to the respective geological formation. The spatial patterns observed were efficient to evaluate the relationship between the soil porosity, geology unit and the and geomorphology showing a good potential for correlating with others soil properties such as hydraulic conductivity, soil water retention curves and erosion potentials.
Durability of mixed mortar lining containing dregs-grits
(2014-02-26) Zanella, B. P. [UNESP]; Sá, E. B. [UNESP]; Acorinti, N. O. [UNESP]; Trannin, I. C.B. [UNESP]; Simões, S. J.C. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The improper disposal of industrial waste and exploitation of natural resources has resulted in the scarcity of river sand and environmental degradation, such as river erosions and pollution. This study aimed to assess the durability of mixed mortar lining walls and ceilings, containing 0 (default), 10 and 20% of dregsgrits compounds-waste of the pulp industry-in substitution with river sand. This was done with tests that simulated both natural and artificial conditions: Direct solar incidence (testing ultraviolet radiation), attack by spraying solution (salt spray test), natural warming of the walls and ceilings incidence by indirect solar (thermal degradation) and residential fires (thermogravimetric test), in compliance with both national and/or international standards. The grout containing dregs-grits compounds showed similarity to standard (0%) for testing thermal degradability, thermogravimetric and ultraviolet radiation, but shows significantly less durability when exposed to salty environments. © 2013 Science Publication.
Spaces of interdisciplinary in/congruity: the coming together of engineers and social scientists in planning for sustainable urban environments
(2020-01-01) Hadfield-Hill, Sophie; Horton, John; Kraftl, Peter; Balestieri, José Antônio Perrella [UNESP]; Vilanova, Mateus Ricardo Nogueira [UNESP]; Dias, Rubens Alves [UNESP]; Soares, Paulo Valladares [UNESP]; University of Birmingham; University of Northampton; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
In the context of a globalised interdisciplinary moment, where boundary-crossing research collaborations are valorised, this paper considers encounters between multidisciplinary researchers. Presenting empirics and reflections from an international project where social scientists and engineers sought to collaborate, communicate and address complex challenges associated with sustainable urban development, we question a series of assumptions about interdisciplinary research. Importantly, we pause to consider the practical implications of doing this work. In particular, we draw attention to the spaces of interdisciplinarity, from the field to the lab and the meeting room, the role of researchers’ reflexivity and positionality, and the importance of being aware of the embodied, emotional realities of such work. In so doing, we call for more critical, evidence-based reflection upon the lived in/congruities of interdisciplinary practices.
A BOUNDARY ELEMENT FORMULATION FOR MASONRY WALLS: ELASTIC-LINEAR ANALYSIS
(9th Australasian Masonry Conference, 2011-01-01) Oliveira Neto, L. [UNESP]; Masia, M. J.; Rigitano, A. C. [UNESP]; Taguti, Y. [UNESP]; Ingham, J.; Dhanasekar, M.; Masia, M.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Univ Newcastle
This work presents an application of a Boundary Element Method (BEM) formulation for anisotropic body analysis. The formulation is elaborated for elastic-linear analysis, using isotropic fundamental solution, in which it is necessary to take account of anisotropy in this type of structure. The anisotropy is considered by expressing a residual elastic tensor as the difference of the anisotropic and isotropic elastic tensors. Also considered are the internal variables and cell discretization of the domain. The paper presents the completed formulation, the method for obtaining the elastic tensor of the anisotropic medium properties and the algebraic procedure. Some examples are shown to validate the formulation.
Floods areas in the paulista region of river basin Paraiba do sul and headwaters of Rural Environmental Register
(2018-09-01) Coutinho, Marcos Pellegrini; Gonçalves, Demerval Aparecido; De Oliveira Caram, Rochane; Soares, Paulo Valladares [UNESP]; Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alerta de Desastres (CEMADEN); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The knowledge of urban flood risk areas associated with the rural environmental register database allows to identify where small rivers begins. This article combines and assesses the risk prone areas with headwaters and proposes actions. The goal of this work was to evaluate the relationships between flood risk and the environmental conditions of headwaters (both in preserved, consolidated areas and to be reforested) of 10 municipalities in the Paraiba Valley, previously mapped by the Institute of Technological Research (IPT). The results showed that, for the municipalities evaluated, 10,324 headwaters were registered and, for all municipalities the quantity of preserved areas is higher in comparison with the consolidated areas. Furthermore, there is a lack of vegetation restoration project in rivers that causes flooding in the studied municipalities, even after changes in the Brazilian Forest Code. These results provide valuable information to the local institutions that conduct actions for the restoration of deforested areas and several other initiatives that aim to mitigate flood risk in the areas assessed in this study.
Ionic speciation and risks associated with agricultural use of industrial biosolid applied in Inceptisol
(Springer, 2019-07-01) Barros Trannin, Isabel Cristina de [UNESP]; Artur, Adriana Guirado; Siqueira, Jose Oswaldo; Souza Moreira, Fatima Maria de; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Univ Fed Ceara; Inst Tecnol Vale; Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)
The evaluation of the chemical leaching potential from soils amended with biosolid is of extreme importance for environmental safety of agricultural use of these residues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the polluting potential and possible risks associated with the agricultural use of biosolids generated by the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber and resin industry through ionic speciation and analysis of the activity of chemical species present in the leached solution from Inceptisol treated with rates 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 96, and 144Mgha(-1) on dry basis. The experiment was conducted in a lysimeter and the treatments with three replications were distributed at random. Chemical leaching was made by application of CaC1(2) 0.01molL(-1) solutions in a volume fourfold higher than the water retention capacity of the soil, divided into five leaching events: 210, 245, 280, 315, and 350days of incubation. Chemical species concentrations in collected leachates were used for ionic speciation by geochemical software Visual MINTEQA2 version 4.0. Impact factor of chemical species was calculated as the ratio between maximum concentration in the leach solution in the treated soil and control. Dissolved organic carbon had strong influence on Pb+2 and Cu+2 leaching, but these elements in free or complexed forms presented low activities in solution. Leaching of NO3-, Zn+2, and Na+ represents the main environmental risk of agricultural use of this residue. However, these risks can be minimized if technical criteria and critical limits for the agronomic use of biosolids were observed.
Agricultural potential of an industrial sewage sludge in compliance with CONAMA Resolution no. 375/2006
(2015-01-01) Machado, Lívia Rodrigues Dias [UNESP]; Trannin, Isabel Cristina De Barros [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The agricultural use of sewage sludge is one of the best alternatives to disposal because of its potential as a plant fertilizer and soil conditioner. However, to be safe for agricultural use, the sewage sludge must be evaluated according to its physical, chemical, and biological properties and its origin. In Brazil, NBR 10.004/2004 is the standard that determines the classification of solid waste, and CONAMA Resolution 375/2006 defines the criteria for the agricultural use of sewage sludge. This study evaluated the agricultural potential of an aerobically digested industrial sewage sludge from the Serramar Dairy Cooperative in the city of Guaratinguetá, São Paulo. This sludge was classified as Class IIA waste according to NBR 10.004/2004 and displayed potential for agricultural use by falling within the limits in terms for heavy metals and pathogenic organisms established by Resolution 375/2006 as well as containing high levels of nutrients. To establish the sludge doses allowed for application to crops such as maize (annual) and Eucalyptus sp. (perennial) by the resolution, the amount of nitrogen available in the sludge and the amounts of this nutrient required by these crops were considered. The recommended sewage sludge doses for corn (8 Mg ha-1) and Eucalyptus sp. forestation (6 Mg ha-1) can meet the nitrogen and phosphorus needs of these crops but require supplementation with potassium mineral fertilizer.
Demographic pressure in Serra do Mar State Park and its buffer zone, southeastern Brazil
(2018-09-01) Starzynski, Roberto; Simões, Silvio Jorge Coelho [UNESP]; Soares, Paulo Valladares [UNESP]; Mendes, Tatiana Sussel Gonçalves [UNESP]; Forest Institute; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The Serra do Mar State Park forms a green corridor that connects significant remnants of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, a region that presents great biodiversity. However, the mounting pressure exerted on it by disorderly urban expansion around conservation unit areas is a cause for concern. Thereby, this paper aims to analyze a geographical and demographic characterization of Serra do Mar State Park and its buffer zone in order to identify regions under the greatest pressure and provide subsidies for developing public policies. The study is based on a cartographic representation using a geographic information system associated with the 2010 Census demographic data, which has been conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE in Portuguese acronym). The study area covers the territory of 32 municipalities and it was found that almost 25,000 inhabitants live inside the park while approximately 712,000 residents live inside its buffer zone.
Land cover changes and greenhouse gas emissions in two different soil covers in the Brazilian Caatinga
(2016-11-15) Ribeiro, Kelly [UNESP]; Sousa-Neto, Eráclito Rodrigues de; Carvalho, João Andrade de [UNESP]; Sousa Lima, José Romualdo de; Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cezar; Duarte-Neto, Paulo José; da Silva Guerra, Glauce; Ometto, Jean Pierre Henry Baulbaud; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE); Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco-UFRPE
The Caatinga biome covers an area of 844,453 km2 and has enormous endemic biodiversity, with unique characteristics that make it an exclusive Brazilian biome. It falls within the earth's tropical zone and is one of the several important ecoregions of Brazil. This biome undergoes natural lengthy periods of drought that cause losses in crop and livestock productivity, having a severe impact on the population. Due to the vulnerability of this ecosystem to climate change, livestock has emerged as the main livelihood of the rural population, being the precursor of the replacement of native vegetation by grazing areas. This study aimed to measure GHG emissions from two different soil covers: native forest (Caatinga) and pasture in the municipality of São João, Pernambuco State, in the years 2013 and 2014. GHG measurements were taken by using static chamber techniques in both soil covers. According to a previous search, so far, this is the first study measuring GHG emissions using the static chamber in the Caatinga biome. N2O emissions ranged from − 1.0 to 4.2 mg m− 2 d− 1 and − 1.22 to 3.4 mg m− 2 d− 1 in the pasture and Caatinga, respectively, and they did not significantly differ from each other. Emissions were significantly higher during dry seasons. Carbon dioxide ranged from − 1.1 to 14.1 and 1.2 to 15.8 g m− 2 d− 1 in the pasture and Caatinga, respectively. CO2 emissions were higher in the Caatinga in 2013, and they were significantly influenced by soil temperature, showing an inverse relation. Methane emission ranged from 6.6 to 6.8 and − 6.0 to 4.8 mg m− 2 d− 1 in the pasture and Caatinga, respectively, and was significantly higher only in the Caatinga in the rainy season of 2014. Soil gas fluxes seemed to be influenced by climatic and edaphic conditions as well as by soil cover in the Caatinga biome.
Energy Ratio (E-R) for the Standard Penetration Test Based on Measured Field Tests
(Brazilian Soc Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical Engineering, 2017-05-01) Lukiantchuki, J. A.; Bernardes, G. P. [UNESP]; Esquivel, E. R.; Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is often used to estimate the soil parameters for geotechnical design projects, using the N SPT index. However, these estimates are performed based on empirical correlations without any scientific basis. Moreover, the test has a large inherent results dispersion due to the use of different types of equipment and execution procedures. Since the N SPT index depends on the amount of energy that is effectively transmitted to the sampler during the hammer fall, it is fundamental to be able to estimate this energy. Given the importance of estimating the energy that reaches the SPT sampler, an instrumented subassembly was developed in order to simultaneously assess the amount of energy transmitted to the drill rods, at sections just above the sampler and just below the anvil. This paper presents a series of SPT experimental results carried out in two different sites located in the State of Sao Paulo, using two different equipment set-ups (with manual and automatic tripping mechanisms), enabling the assessment of the top and bottom energy ratio under different conditions. Results show that for hand lifting hammer and automatic trip hammer systems the difference in the energy ratio is not significant. However, the dispersion of the results for the hand lifting hammer system is more pronounced due to execution procedures, equipment and operators.
Projeto de sinalização e contenção de processo erosivos da trilha dos Romeiros da região de Guaratinguetá
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013) Guimarães, Valdir Alves [UNESP]; Trannin, Isabel Cristina de Barros [UNESP]; Cruz, Victor Afonso Lopes [UNESP]; Carneiro, Helio Henrique Costa [UNESP]; Dreza Neto, David [UNESP]; Paulino, Renivaldo da Silva [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Introdução: Há mais de 50 anos a Trilha dos Romeiros atende peregrinos, caminhantes, atletas e serve de travessia do Estado de Minas Gerais para o Estado de São Paulo, ligando a cidade de Delfin Moreira à Guaratinguetá com destino a cidade de Aparecida. Este percurso da Serra da Mantiqueira tem a extensão de 5 km de trilha, com mais uma caminhada de 28 km até o destino final que é o Santuário Nacional de Aparecida. A trilha parte de uma altitude de cerca de 600 metros e atinge 1900 metros no topo da serra da Mantiqueira. É uma trilha cercada de belezas naturais, que devido à topografia da região vem sofrendo, ao longo dos anos, a ocorrência de processos erosivos intensos, apresentando pontos de elevada degradação ambiental. Atualmente a manutenção desta trilha vem sendo realizada de forma voluntária pela comunidade do bairro dos Pilões que, sem nenhum apoio governamental, sobe a trilha aterrando os canais preferenciais formados pela enxurrada e removendo pedras que se tornam salientes e colocam em risco as pessoas que transitam pelo local. Objetivos: O objetivo do projeto é auxiliar a comunidade do Bairro dos Pilões, indicando técnicas adequadas de contenção de processos erosivos e de deslizamento de encostas, de forma que o trabalho se torne mais efetivo e perene. Toda a área foi identificada por coordenadas GPS e a trilha será sinalizada com placas contendo informações de altitude, distância e mensagens educativas, mencionando o respeito à natureza e a necessidade de limpeza para o uso sustentável da trilha. Métodos: Para a execução do projeto foram realizadas duas expedições com a equipe participante para a identificação das áreas de risco da Trilha dos Romeiros. Estes locais foram fotografados e suas coordenadas identificadas por aparelho de GPS. Foi realizada também uma seleção de materiais recicláveis a serem utilizados nas técnicas de contenção de deslizamentos. Para a realização da sinalização foi gerado um mapa contendo as coordenadas geográficas, as distâncias e a altimetria da trilha. Essas intervenções estão sendo realizadas por cerca de 40 trabalhadores rurais voluntários da comunidade dos Pilões. Resultados: Foi realizada em abril de 2013 a primeira expedição do grupo da Unesp em conjunto com os trabalhadores rurais da região onde foram realizadas as primeiras intervenções emergenciais de contenção dos processos erosivos. Toda a Trilha foi demarcada e foi levantado o mapa de altimetria do percurso. Foram produzidas 22 placas de sinalização que serão instaladas ao longo da trilha. Esta primeira expedição foi motivo de reportagem da Televisão Canção Nova, que tem forte audiência em toda a região do Vale do Paraíba que pode ser visualizada acessando o link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adTg7VYiMRo.
Programa Unesp para o desenvolvimento sustentável de São Luiz do Paraitinga
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2011) Delamaro, Maurício César [UNESP]; Alves, José Xaides de Sampaio [UNESP]; Campos, Arminda Eugenia Marques [UNESP]; Bizelli, José Luís [UNESP]; Oliveira, José Carlos de [UNESP]; Campos, Cristiane Inácio de [UNESP]; Barbosa, Juliana Cortez [UNESP]; Souza, Solange de [UNESP]; Cruz, Soraia Georgina Ferreira de Paiva [UNESP]; Ferreira, José Bento [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Navegar

Submissões Recentes