A concepção de indivíduo nos parâmetros curriculares nacionais do ensino médio
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Data
2007-02-26
Autores
Pereira, Valmir [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta dissertação investiga a concepção de indivíduo presente nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (PCNEM), a partir da hipótese de que se trata de uma concepção liberal de indivíduo. A análise é feita a partir das reformas educacionais empreendidas pelo Governo FHC na década de 1990. O contexto dessas políticas está relacionado ao surgimento do Neoliberalismo, da Globalização, do Pós-modernismo e do Toyotismo. Evidenciam-se as mudanças no âmbito da educação e seus vínculos com o Relatório Delors, da UNESCO, bem como as mudanças na organização do trabalho conhecido como reestruturação produtiva. Esses processos decorrem da divisão do trabalho na sua fase fabril como conseqüências das crises do capitalismo e suas adequações. Ao analisarmos as implicações da concepção liberal no campo da Educação, encontramos o indivíduo, proprietário de si mesmo, autônomo e preocupado com o seu sucesso. Embora o liberalismo tenha na autonomia do indivíduo seu princípio fundamental, promove a separação entre o trabalho e o conhecimento e, portanto, a unidade entre o fazer e o pensar: o ser humano autônomo é aquele que consegue fazer o que pensa e pensar o que faz. O professor, como indivíduo, não consegue pensar o seu fazer pedagógico e o aluno, na mesma condição, não consegue relacionar suas experiências de vida com o que aprende na escola. Assim, acreditamos que a escola, difusora do conhecimento, reproduz essa concepção liberal, principalmente na relação professor /aluno, o que pode ser constatado no volume dos PCNEM. Na perspectiva liberal, professores são indivíduos que ensinam e os alunos são indivíduos que aprendem. Numa sociedade organizada a partir da divisão social do trabalho o conhecimento difundido pela escola também é dividido. Num mundo dividido, organizado em classes sociais, a...
This thesis investigates the individual's conception that is present in the National Syllabus Parameters of High School (PCNEM in Portuguese), starting from the hypothesis that this is a liberal conception of individual. The analysis is made from the education reforms undertaken by FHC government in the decade of 1990. The context of those politics is related to the appearance of Neoliberalism, of Globalization, of Postmodernism and of Toyotism. The changes are evidenced in the extent of the education and their bonds with the Report Delors, of UNESCO, as well as to the changes in the organization of the work known as productive restructuring. Those processes elapse of the division of work in its industrial phase as consequences of the crises of capitalism and its adaptations. During the analyses of the implications of the liberal conception in the field of Education, we found the individual, the owner of himself, autonomous and concerned with his success. Although liberalism has its fundamental beginning in the individual's autonomy, it promotes the division between work and knowledge and, therefore, the unit between doing and thinking: the autonomous human being is that one able to do what thinks and to think what does. The teacher, as an individual, cannot think about his pedagogic work and the student, in the same condition, cannot relate his life experiences with what he learns at school. Thus, we believed that school, promulgator of knowledge, reproduces that liberal conception, mainly in the relationship teacher/student, what can be verified in the volume of PCNEM. In the liberal perspective, teachers are individuals that teach and the students are individuals that learn. In an organized society starting from the social division of work the knowledge spread for the school is also divided. In a divided world, organized in social classes, the inequality... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
This thesis investigates the individual's conception that is present in the National Syllabus Parameters of High School (PCNEM in Portuguese), starting from the hypothesis that this is a liberal conception of individual. The analysis is made from the education reforms undertaken by FHC government in the decade of 1990. The context of those politics is related to the appearance of Neoliberalism, of Globalization, of Postmodernism and of Toyotism. The changes are evidenced in the extent of the education and their bonds with the Report Delors, of UNESCO, as well as to the changes in the organization of the work known as productive restructuring. Those processes elapse of the division of work in its industrial phase as consequences of the crises of capitalism and its adaptations. During the analyses of the implications of the liberal conception in the field of Education, we found the individual, the owner of himself, autonomous and concerned with his success. Although liberalism has its fundamental beginning in the individual's autonomy, it promotes the division between work and knowledge and, therefore, the unit between doing and thinking: the autonomous human being is that one able to do what thinks and to think what does. The teacher, as an individual, cannot think about his pedagogic work and the student, in the same condition, cannot relate his life experiences with what he learns at school. Thus, we believed that school, promulgator of knowledge, reproduces that liberal conception, mainly in the relationship teacher/student, what can be verified in the volume of PCNEM. In the liberal perspective, teachers are individuals that teach and the students are individuals that learn. In an organized society starting from the social division of work the knowledge spread for the school is also divided. In a divided world, organized in social classes, the inequality... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação - Brasil, Reforma de ensino - Brasil, Curriculos - Brasil, Liberalismo
Como citar
PEREIRA, Valmir. A concepção de indivíduo nos parâmetros curriculares nacionais do ensino médio. 2007. 125 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2007.