O infantil e a educação: uma investigação a partir de narrativa de crianças
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Data
2008-02-28
Autores
Soares, Juliana Augusta [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Fundamentando-se na perspectiva teórica psicanalítica, sobretudo Freud e Lacan, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar o infantil em narrativas produzidas por crianças, no contexto particular de um grupo de escoteiros. O infantil, em sua necessária articulação com o inconsciente, é tomado como o modo pelo qual o sujeito tenta responder ao enigma colocado pelo desejo do Outro, o que supõe a castração. O material para análise foi obtido em um grupo para ouvir e contar histórias, junto a cinco crianças, de 08-09 anos, integrantes do ramo lobinho de um grupo de escoteiros do interior de São Paulo. As narrativas foram gravadas e transcritas literalmente. Para a seleção e a análise das narrativas levou-se em conta a repetição, o compromisso do sujeito com as mesmas (começo, meio e fim), sua singularidade ao narrar e indícios como a emergência de formações inconscientes, via metáforas e metonímias. A partir da perda do totem e da questão - o Outro mente ou diz a verdade?- verifica-se, nas narrativas, algumas das maneiras pelas quais o sujeito responde à castração, indiciando uma posição infantil: pela fantasia de contaminação e de ser roubado, pela via da agressão verbal e de atuações, pela denegação e, finalmente, pela via da angústia, materializada no desenho que faz de um “pauzinho sangrando”. Conclui-se que as narrativas do sujeito permitem interrogar o dispositivo educacional, especificamente, o ser bonzinho e dizer sempre a verdade. A noção de infantil também possibilita a desmistificação da infância e questiona a noção de um ponto ideal a ser atingido no desenvolvimento, conferindo certa liberdade às crianças pelas quais somos responsáveis por conduzir uma educação. Conclui-se, ainda, que o infantil é da ordem da singularidade, a matéria-prima do trabalho de um psicanalista no contexto clínico, mas que tem uma relação necessária com o desejo do Outro e, portanto, com a educação.
Based on the psychoanalytic theoretical perspective, chiefly on Freud and Lacan, this study aimed at investigating the infantile from narratives produced by school-age children in the particular context of a group of boy scouts. The infantile, in its essential articulation with the unconscious, is taken as the way through which a subject attempts to respond to the enigma posed by the Other’s desire, which assumes castration. The material for analysis was obtained from a group formed with the purpose to listen to and tell stories. The group included eight- and nineyear- old children who were members of the little-wolf branch of a group of boy scouts from inner São Paulo state. Narratives were tape-recorded and literally transcribed. In order to select narratives for analysis, repetition, subjects’ commitment to the narratives (those containing beginning, middle and end), their singularity while narrating and indications, such as the emergence of unconscious formations by means of metaphors and metonymies, were taken into account. Based on totem loss and on the question – is the other lying or telling the truth?, some of the ways by which the subject responds to castration, thus indicating an infantile position: through the fantasy of contamination and of being robbed, by means of verbal aggression and performances, through negation and, finally, through anguish materialized by a drawing made of a “bleeding stick”, were observed in the narratives. It was concluded that the subject’s narratives enabled the questioning of educational devices, specifically those of being a good boy and always telling the truth. The notion of infantile also enabled demystification of childhood and questioned the notion of an ideal point to be achieved in development, thus providing the children for whose education we are responsible with a certain level of freedom.
Based on the psychoanalytic theoretical perspective, chiefly on Freud and Lacan, this study aimed at investigating the infantile from narratives produced by school-age children in the particular context of a group of boy scouts. The infantile, in its essential articulation with the unconscious, is taken as the way through which a subject attempts to respond to the enigma posed by the Other’s desire, which assumes castration. The material for analysis was obtained from a group formed with the purpose to listen to and tell stories. The group included eight- and nineyear- old children who were members of the little-wolf branch of a group of boy scouts from inner São Paulo state. Narratives were tape-recorded and literally transcribed. In order to select narratives for analysis, repetition, subjects’ commitment to the narratives (those containing beginning, middle and end), their singularity while narrating and indications, such as the emergence of unconscious formations by means of metaphors and metonymies, were taken into account. Based on totem loss and on the question – is the other lying or telling the truth?, some of the ways by which the subject responds to castration, thus indicating an infantile position: through the fantasy of contamination and of being robbed, by means of verbal aggression and performances, through negation and, finally, through anguish materialized by a drawing made of a “bleeding stick”, were observed in the narratives. It was concluded that the subject’s narratives enabled the questioning of educational devices, specifically those of being a good boy and always telling the truth. The notion of infantile also enabled demystification of childhood and questioned the notion of an ideal point to be achieved in development, thus providing the children for whose education we are responsible with a certain level of freedom.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação - Estudos e ensino - Brasil, Educação de crianças, Psicologia educacional, Psicanalise, Escotismo
Como citar
SOARES, Juliana Augusta. O infantil e a educação: uma investigação a partir de narrativa de crianças. 2008. 131 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2008.