A construção da representação docente e a função do professor de educação infantil: elementos para reflexão
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Data
2006
Autores
Dias, Adriana Marques Guimarães [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo dessa pesquisa é investigar a imagem docente de uma grupo de professores que atuam em uma pré-escola e a partir disso verificar como se configura a função desses docentes no contexto educativo. Para tanto, utilizou-se a perspectiva da Representação Social e alguns instrumentos de pesquisa, como a entrevista estruturada e semi-estruturada e a observação participante, visando a coleta e análise qualitativa dos dados. A imagem docente que prevaleceu foi a do professor missionário, já que ele acumula a função de mãe ou outro adulto da família, de um profissional liberal que possa atender às necessidades emocionais da criança, como o psicólogo e também do professor que oferece o conhecimento escolar. Essas funções se manifestaram nas concepções de educação que historicamente se constituíram nesse nível de ensino. A interpretação dos dados revelou que os professores possuem uma visão Assistencialista de Educação Infantil, na qual há uma dicotomia entre o cuidar, que é responsabilidade da creche e da família e o educar da pré-escola. O tipo de metodologia que predominou caracterizou-se por atividades 'escolarizantes', que tinham como objetivo oferecer aos alunos os conteúdos escolares tradicionais (ler, escrever e contar), além dos conhecimentos da área de Ciências Naturais e de História e Geografia, revelando uma intenção pedagógica de cunho propedêutico. Esse contexto gerou uma separação entre o cuidar e o educar, fragmentando o tratamento dispensado ao currículo, descaracterizando a função docente nesse nível educativo. Espera-se que essa pesquisa propicie uma reflexão sobre o fazer docente da Educação Infantil, colaborando para se efetivar uma função social e a identidade desse nível educativo e de seus professores.
The aim of this study is to investigating the teacherþs image shared by a group of teachers working in a pre-school and use this data to examine the roles these professionals perform in their teaching context. To reach this goal, the perspective of Social Representation Theory was used along with some instruments for data collection and qualitative analysis, such as: semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The most prevailing image was that of a missionary teacher, who accumulates the functions of a mother (or any other adult in the family), a professional who serves the emotional needs of the child (like a psychologist) and, also, a teacher (who offers school knowledge). These functions are all present in the conceptions of pre-school education that were historically built. The data analysis showed that these teachers have a social services view of Children Education in which it was observed a dual function: caring (that is the family or the nursery function) and educating (that is the pre-school function). Methodological procedures included schooling activities which were designed to offer students some traditional school contents (like reading, writing and telling) as well as some knowledge in Sciences, History and Geography, what uncovers a pedagogical intention with a propedeutical aspect. This context generated a distinction between caring and educating, causing a fragmentation of curriculum treatment and changing the characteristics of teacherþs role. It is expected that this study provides opportunities for a reflection on teacherþs practice at Child Education and helps teachers working at this school grade to validate their social role and their identity.
The aim of this study is to investigating the teacherþs image shared by a group of teachers working in a pre-school and use this data to examine the roles these professionals perform in their teaching context. To reach this goal, the perspective of Social Representation Theory was used along with some instruments for data collection and qualitative analysis, such as: semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The most prevailing image was that of a missionary teacher, who accumulates the functions of a mother (or any other adult in the family), a professional who serves the emotional needs of the child (like a psychologist) and, also, a teacher (who offers school knowledge). These functions are all present in the conceptions of pre-school education that were historically built. The data analysis showed that these teachers have a social services view of Children Education in which it was observed a dual function: caring (that is the family or the nursery function) and educating (that is the pre-school function). Methodological procedures included schooling activities which were designed to offer students some traditional school contents (like reading, writing and telling) as well as some knowledge in Sciences, History and Geography, what uncovers a pedagogical intention with a propedeutical aspect. This context generated a distinction between caring and educating, causing a fragmentation of curriculum treatment and changing the characteristics of teacherþs role. It is expected that this study provides opportunities for a reflection on teacherþs practice at Child Education and helps teachers working at this school grade to validate their social role and their identity.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação escolar, Educação - Professores, Educação infantil, Child education, Teacher's practice
Como citar
DIAS, Adriana Marques Guimarães. A construção da representação docente e a função do professor de educação infantil: elementos para reflexão. 2006. 176 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, 2006.