Desempenho de semeadoras-adubadoras de milho (Zea mays L.) em sistema de plantio direto
Arquivos
Data
2002-06
Autores
Mahl, Denise [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No sistema atual de produção agrícola, as semeadoras-adubadoras assumiram importância fundamental, destacando-se as de semeadura direta, cuja operação é caracterizada pela mínima mobilização do solo antes e após a operação de semeadura. O presente trabalho foi conduzido em condições de campo, com a cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) e teve como objetivo estudar o desempenho operacional de duas semeadoras-adubadoras de semeadura direta, quanto à uniformidade de distribuição longitudinal e transversal de sementes, profundidade de semeadura, área de solo mobilizado, patinagem dos rodados do trator e das rodas motrizes das semeadoras-adubadoras, requerimento de força de tração e potência, consumo de combustível, qualidade das sementes após a passagem pelo mecanismo dosador, desenvolvimento e produtividade da cultura. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, cujo solo é classificado como Nitossolo Vermelho distrófico. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e arranjo fatorial 2x3x2, respectivamente para as semeadoras-adubadoras com mecanismos dosadores do tipo pneumático e disco horizontal, às velocidades de deslocamento do conjunto trator-semeadoraadubadora de 4,4; 8,0 e 9,8 km.h-1, e às condições do solo, considerando o preparo reduzido com escarificador e a semeadura direta para a implantação da cultura de aveia (Avena strigosa Schreb), antecedente (4 meses) à implantação da cultura do milho. A condição de solo sob plantio direto (4 anos) proporcionou maior percentual de manutenção de cobertura do solo após a semeadura e menores índices de: patinagem dos rodados do trator e das rodas motrizes das semeadoras-adubadoras; profundidade do sulco e de deposição de sementes; área de solo mobilizado; requerimento de força de tração e potência na barra... .
The fertilizer-seeder machines, in the current agricultural production system, have assumed an important position, meanly the non-tillage seeders, which operation is characterized by the minimum soil mobilization before and after the seeding. This research was done with corn culture (Zea mays L.) in field conditions aiming to evaluate the operational performance of two non-tillage seeders. It was done longitudinal and transversal seed uniformity distribution evaluations, seeding depth, soil mobilized area, tractor and seeder tractive wheel slips, draw bar pull and power requirements, fuel consumption, seed quality after having been passed the distribution mechanisms, and culture growing and productivity. The experiment was carried out at Lageado Experimental Farm, whose soil is classified as Ultissoil. It was used a 2x3x2 factorial design in randomized blocks with four replications. The factors whose effects were examined were related to the seeders with pneumatic and horizontal disk meter mechanisms for the distribution of the seeds, to the set tractor-seeder forward speeds (4,4; 8,0 and 9,8 km.h-1), and to the soil conditions considering the minimum tillage with chisel plow and the non-tillage system for the seeding of oat culture (Avena strigosa Schreb), before (4 months) the introduction of the corn culture. The non-tillage soil condition (4 years) provided both the largest percentage of soil covering maintenance after seeding and the smallest index of the following issues: tractor and fertilizer-seeder wheel drive slip, furrow and seed deposition depths, soil mobilized area, draw bar pull and power requirements as well as fuel consumption. The smallest seeding speed provided the largest percentage of soil... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
The fertilizer-seeder machines, in the current agricultural production system, have assumed an important position, meanly the non-tillage seeders, which operation is characterized by the minimum soil mobilization before and after the seeding. This research was done with corn culture (Zea mays L.) in field conditions aiming to evaluate the operational performance of two non-tillage seeders. It was done longitudinal and transversal seed uniformity distribution evaluations, seeding depth, soil mobilized area, tractor and seeder tractive wheel slips, draw bar pull and power requirements, fuel consumption, seed quality after having been passed the distribution mechanisms, and culture growing and productivity. The experiment was carried out at Lageado Experimental Farm, whose soil is classified as Ultissoil. It was used a 2x3x2 factorial design in randomized blocks with four replications. The factors whose effects were examined were related to the seeders with pneumatic and horizontal disk meter mechanisms for the distribution of the seeds, to the set tractor-seeder forward speeds (4,4; 8,0 and 9,8 km.h-1), and to the soil conditions considering the minimum tillage with chisel plow and the non-tillage system for the seeding of oat culture (Avena strigosa Schreb), before (4 months) the introduction of the corn culture. The non-tillage soil condition (4 years) provided both the largest percentage of soil covering maintenance after seeding and the smallest index of the following issues: tractor and fertilizer-seeder wheel drive slip, furrow and seed deposition depths, soil mobilized area, draw bar pull and power requirements as well as fuel consumption. The smallest seeding speed provided the largest percentage of soil... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plantio direto, Milho, Sementes - Distribuição, Milho - Semeadura - Velocidade
Como citar
MAHL, Denise. Desempenho de semeadoras-adubadoras de milho (Zea mays L.) em sistema de plantio direto. 2002. xvi, 160 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2002.