Avaliação auditiva em pacientes diabéticos do tipo 1 e do tipo 2
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Data
2006-04-27
Autores
Pessin, Adriana Bueno Benito [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença sistêmica crônica, causada pela deficiência relativa ou absoluta da secreção de insulina. Em seu curso, surgem complicações estruturais em vasos e nervos que comprometem vários órgãos incluindo as vias auditivas. Objetivos: Analisar os cofatores de risco para a perda auditiva, identificar os principais sintomas cocleovestibulares e determinar as características do comprometimento das vias auditivas cocleares e retrococleares de pacientes diabéticos do tipo 1 e do tipo 2. Casuística e Métodos: O grupo amostral foi composto por 80 pacientes diabéticos divididos em dois grupos: GI (diabéticos do tipo 1) e GII (diabéticos do tipo 2). O grupo controle foi composto por 40 voluntários não diabéticos (GIII). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a anamnese direcionada, avaliação otorrinolaringológica, audiometria clínica, imitanciometria e BERA. Para análise dos resultados dos exames laboratoriais e das comorbidades associadas ao diabetes (neuropatia, nefropatia incipiente e retinopatia) reportou-se aos prontuários médicos. Resultados: Em GI houve predomínio de pacientes de faixas etárias mais baixas (57,5% - 0 a 15 anos) ao contrário de GII (67,5% - 46-60 anos), não se observando diferenças entre os sexos. Com relação ao tempo de diagnóstico do diabetes, a maioria dos pacientes tinha a doença há mais de 11 anos (GI-55%; GII-62,5%). O uso de insulina foi referido por 100% dos pacientes de GI e por 50% dos pacientes de GII, sendo que em ambos os grupos os valores médios de glicemia de jejum estavam elevados (acima de 126 mg/dl). As dislipidemias, assim como a hipertensão arterial, a retinopatia e a neuropatia diabética incidiram com maior freqüência nos pacientes de GII, porém a nefropatia incipiente foi observada com maior freqüência nos pacientes de GI. Um número significativo de pacientes não referiu nenhum tipo...
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease caused by relative or absolute insulin secretion deficiency. Structural complications in vessels and nerves are frequently observed and responsible for organ damage, including auditory pathways. Objectives: To study the risk co-factors for hearing loss, main vestibular and cochlear symptoms, in type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients and the damage characteristics in their cochlear and retrocochlear auditory pathways. Methods: Eighty diabetes patients were divided into two groups: GI (type 1 diabetes) and GII (type 2 diabetes). A control group was composed of 40 non-diabetic volunteers (GIII). All patients were submitted to directed anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological evaluation, audiometric and imitanciometric exams, and BERA. Laboratory examinations and comorbidities (neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy) were reviewed from medical records. Results: Younger patients (57.5% - 0 to 15 years of age) were prevalent in GI and older patients in GII (67.5% - 46-60 years of age); gender was not significant. Most patients had been diagnosed with diabetes for more than 11 years (GI-55%; GII-62.5%). Insulin treatment was reported by 100% of GI patients and 50% of GII patients. Both groups had high mean fast glycemia values (over 126mg/dl). Dyslipidemias, hypertension, retinopathy and neuropathy were more frequent in GII patients and incipient nephropathy in GI patients. No cochlear and vestibular symptoms were reported by 75% of GI or 65% of GII patients. Tinnitus (isolated or associated with other symptoms) was the most prevalent symptom, followed by hearing loss. Neurossensorial hearing loss was detected in 10% and 52.5 % of GI and GII ears, respectively, during audiometric exams. The hearing loss was mild, bilateral, symmetrical, and mainly high frequencies. Speech recognition indices were satisfactory in all patients... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease caused by relative or absolute insulin secretion deficiency. Structural complications in vessels and nerves are frequently observed and responsible for organ damage, including auditory pathways. Objectives: To study the risk co-factors for hearing loss, main vestibular and cochlear symptoms, in type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients and the damage characteristics in their cochlear and retrocochlear auditory pathways. Methods: Eighty diabetes patients were divided into two groups: GI (type 1 diabetes) and GII (type 2 diabetes). A control group was composed of 40 non-diabetic volunteers (GIII). All patients were submitted to directed anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological evaluation, audiometric and imitanciometric exams, and BERA. Laboratory examinations and comorbidities (neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy) were reviewed from medical records. Results: Younger patients (57.5% - 0 to 15 years of age) were prevalent in GI and older patients in GII (67.5% - 46-60 years of age); gender was not significant. Most patients had been diagnosed with diabetes for more than 11 years (GI-55%; GII-62.5%). Insulin treatment was reported by 100% of GI patients and 50% of GII patients. Both groups had high mean fast glycemia values (over 126mg/dl). Dyslipidemias, hypertension, retinopathy and neuropathy were more frequent in GII patients and incipient nephropathy in GI patients. No cochlear and vestibular symptoms were reported by 75% of GI or 65% of GII patients. Tinnitus (isolated or associated with other symptoms) was the most prevalent symptom, followed by hearing loss. Neurossensorial hearing loss was detected in 10% and 52.5 % of GI and GII ears, respectively, during audiometric exams. The hearing loss was mild, bilateral, symmetrical, and mainly high frequencies. Speech recognition indices were satisfactory in all patients... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Diabetes - Complicações e sequelas, Audição
Como citar
PESSIN, Adriana Bueno Benito. Avaliação auditiva em pacientes diabéticos do tipo 1 e do tipo 2. 2006. 146 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2006.