Preparação de aluminas porosas hierarquicamente estruturadas
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Data
2011-07-21
Autores
Passos, Aline Ribeiro [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Cerâmicas porosas possuem resistência a altas temperaturas e a ambientes corrosivos, permitindo sua utilização em uma variedade de aplicações. A distribuição de tamanho, forma e volume dos poros é determinante na definição do desempenho da função desejada. Estruturas hierárquicas de poros vêm atraindo o interesse de pesquisadores que procuram desenvolver materiais com elevadas taxas de transferência de massa e calor bem como elevada área superficial específica. A combinação das propriedades texturais das aluminas, suas intrínsecas características ácido-base e a estrutura hierárquica de poros, pode ser de grande interesse para o desenvolvimento de novos materiais. Neste trabalho aluminas com meso e macroporos foram produzidas pela conjugação do processo sol-gel e direcionadores de estrutura porosa baseados em tensoativos e emulsões. Foi realizado um estudo sistemático das condições de preparação das aluminas e estabelecidos alguns parâmetros determinantes na formação e estabilidade destes materiais. Além disso estabeleceram-se as correlações entre a composição da emulsão, os tratamentos após a gelatinização e a estrutura porosa do material cerâmico final. Alterando a quantidade de tensoativo na síntese, a área superficial específica, o volume e diâmetro dos mesoporos podem ser ajustados, sem grandes alterações na estrutura macroporosa. A adição de cotensoativo altera a estrutura de meso ou macroporos dependendo do tamanho da cadeia do álcool utilizado. Durante a etapa de secagem dos materiais ocorre retração e formação de fraturas, no entanto quando as amostras são secas a 50 °C esses efeitos são menos pronunciados. Os materiais obtidos apresentam elevada estabilidade térmica, a estrutura bimodal e estreita distribuição de tamanho de poros foi mantida...
Porous ceramics are resistant to high temperatures and corrosive environments, enabling their use in a variety of applications. The distribution of size, shape and pore volume are very important in definition of the performance function. Hierarchical structures of pores are attracting interest from researchers seeking to develop materials with high rates of mass transfer and heat as well as high surface area. The combination of the textural properties of alumina, its intrinsic acid-base characteristics and the hierarchical structure of pores, can be of great interest for the development of new materials. In this context alumina with meso and macropores were produced through the conjugation of the sol-gel route as well as dual soft template technique that consists of surfactants and emulsion. In this work a systematic study was conducted about the preparation conditions of alumina and some parameters determining the formation and stability of these materials were set. The correlation between the compositions of the emulsion, the gel aging, drying conditions and porous structure of the final ceramic material was studied. Changing the amount of surfactant in the synthesis, the specific surface area, volume and diameter of the mesopores can be adjusted without major changes in the macroporous structure. The addition of a co-surfactant changes the structure of meso- or macropores depending on the chain size of the used alcohol. During the drying step the material shrinkages and the formation of crack occurs, however when the samples are dried at 50 °C these effects are less pronounced. The obtained materials exhibit high thermal stability, structure and narrow bimodal size distribution of pores which are retained after calcination between 500 °C and 1000 °C. At 1100 °C occurs sintering of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Porous ceramics are resistant to high temperatures and corrosive environments, enabling their use in a variety of applications. The distribution of size, shape and pore volume are very important in definition of the performance function. Hierarchical structures of pores are attracting interest from researchers seeking to develop materials with high rates of mass transfer and heat as well as high surface area. The combination of the textural properties of alumina, its intrinsic acid-base characteristics and the hierarchical structure of pores, can be of great interest for the development of new materials. In this context alumina with meso and macropores were produced through the conjugation of the sol-gel route as well as dual soft template technique that consists of surfactants and emulsion. In this work a systematic study was conducted about the preparation conditions of alumina and some parameters determining the formation and stability of these materials were set. The correlation between the compositions of the emulsion, the gel aging, drying conditions and porous structure of the final ceramic material was studied. Changing the amount of surfactant in the synthesis, the specific surface area, volume and diameter of the mesopores can be adjusted without major changes in the macroporous structure. The addition of a co-surfactant changes the structure of meso- or macropores depending on the chain size of the used alcohol. During the drying step the material shrinkages and the formation of crack occurs, however when the samples are dried at 50 °C these effects are less pronounced. The obtained materials exhibit high thermal stability, structure and narrow bimodal size distribution of pores which are retained after calcination between 500 °C and 1000 °C. At 1100 °C occurs sintering of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Físico-química, Ceramica, Alumina, Physical chemistry, Ceramics
Como citar
PASSOS, Aline Ribeiro. Preparação de aluminas porosas hierarquicamente estruturadas. 2011. 91 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2011.