Comparação entre os métodos de ELISA, imunofluorescência indireta e imunocromatografia para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina
Carregando...
Data
2006-10-04
Autores
Zanette, Maurício Franco [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A importância do diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina no Brasil reside no fato de que, dentre as estratégias de controle da doença indicadas pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde, encontra-se a eliminação do cão doméstico sorologicamente positivo. Desta forma, torna-se necessário o conhecimento da sensibilidade e da especificidade das provas sorológicas utilizadas para a correta identificação destes animais. Para avaliar o desempenho dos métodos sorológicos no diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina, foram determinadas e comparadas as características dos métodos de ELISA, reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e imunocromatografia, adotando-se como padrão o método parasitológico. Para tanto, foram utilizados 50 cães naturalmente acometidos por leishmaniose visceral e 45 cães sadios provenientes de área não endêmica para a doença. A RIFI revelou sensibilidade de 98% e especificidade de 91,1%, além de ótima concordância com o método parasitológico (Kappa = 0,893). Os métodos de ELISA e de imunocromatografia apresentaram boa concordância com o método parasitológico (coeficientes Kappa de 0,788 e 0,769, respectivamente) e valores de sensibilidade de 94% e 86% e especificidade de 84,4% e 91,1%, respectivamente. Com relação à ocorrência de reações cruzadas com leishmaniose visceral, das 14 amostras de soro positivas para doença de Chagas, nove (64,3%) foram consideradas positivas pela técnica de ELISA e seis (42,9%) pela RIFI, não se observando resultados positivos por imunocromatografia. Das 13 amostras de soros de animais portadores de erliquiose, uma (7,7%) apresentou resultado positivo por meio dos métodos de ELISA e de imunocromatografia.
The importance of canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in Brazil is based on the fact that, according to the Ministry of Health, a seropositive dog must be culled. Thus, itþs important to know the sensitivity and specificity values of the methods employed for the diagnosis of the disease. To evaluate the performance of the available sorological tests for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis it was determined and compared the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and immunochromatographic test using the parasitological test as the gold standard. For this purposal, the study was carried out with a group of 50 naturally infected dogs from an endemic area and 45 healthy dogs from a non endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis. The IFAT was 98% sensitive and 91,1% specific, and showed a very good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,893). The ELISA showed a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 84,4% and when kappa index was analysed, a good concordance was obseved (k = 0,788). The immunochromatographic test was 86% sensisitive and 91,1% specific and showed a good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,769). About the occurrence of cross reaction with visceral leishmaniasis, nine (64,3%) out of 14 positive samples for Chagas disease were positive by ELISA and six (42,9%) out of 14 were positive by IFAT, while the immunocromatographic test didn t yield any positive result. One (7,7%), out of 13 positive samples for ehrlichiosis, was positive by ELISA and immunocromatografic test. Five (83,3%) out of six positive samples for ehrlichiosis and babesiosis were positive by ELISA and three (50%) by immunocromatography, while IFAT didnþt yield any positive result. Five (50%) out of 10 positive samples for toxoplasmosis were positive by IFAT and one (10%) by immunocromatography.
The importance of canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in Brazil is based on the fact that, according to the Ministry of Health, a seropositive dog must be culled. Thus, itþs important to know the sensitivity and specificity values of the methods employed for the diagnosis of the disease. To evaluate the performance of the available sorological tests for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis it was determined and compared the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and immunochromatographic test using the parasitological test as the gold standard. For this purposal, the study was carried out with a group of 50 naturally infected dogs from an endemic area and 45 healthy dogs from a non endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis. The IFAT was 98% sensitive and 91,1% specific, and showed a very good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,893). The ELISA showed a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 84,4% and when kappa index was analysed, a good concordance was obseved (k = 0,788). The immunochromatographic test was 86% sensisitive and 91,1% specific and showed a good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,769). About the occurrence of cross reaction with visceral leishmaniasis, nine (64,3%) out of 14 positive samples for Chagas disease were positive by ELISA and six (42,9%) out of 14 were positive by IFAT, while the immunocromatographic test didn t yield any positive result. One (7,7%), out of 13 positive samples for ehrlichiosis, was positive by ELISA and immunocromatografic test. Five (83,3%) out of six positive samples for ehrlichiosis and babesiosis were positive by ELISA and three (50%) by immunocromatography, while IFAT didnþt yield any positive result. Five (50%) out of 10 positive samples for toxoplasmosis were positive by IFAT and one (10%) by immunocromatography.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Leishmaniose, Cão, Teste imunoenzimático, Parasitologia veterinaria, Leishmaniose visceral, ELISA, Reação de imunofluorescência indireta, Imunocromatografia, Visceral leishmaniasis, Dogs, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Como citar
ZANETTE, Maurício Franco. Comparação entre os métodos de ELISA, imunofluorescência indireta e imunocromatografia para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina. 2006. 70 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2006.