Caracterização morfológica, citogenética e palinológica de genótipos de feijão-vagem (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) - Fabaceae
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Data
2008-07-18
Autores
Ferreira, Agmar Gonçalves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Doze diferentes genótipos de Phaseolus vulgaris (L.), popularmente conhecido como feijão-vagem, obtidos na Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Ipameri, Goiás, Brasil, foram descritos morfologicamente, citogeneticamente e palinologicamente. Os estudos morfológicos evidenciaram que a maioria das amostras analisadas é semelhante quanto à forma de germinação, forma dos cotilédones, sistema radicular e filotaxia do primeiro par de folhas. As divergências são demonstradas na forma, espessura, comprimento, largura, cor do tegumento da semente e da pigmentação da porção superior do hipocótilo que são formas de se efetivar a classificação entre os vários genótipos. As plântulas são angiospermas, dicotiledôneas, tendo raiz primária glabra, cotilédones livres, peciolados, crassos, planoconvexos, maciços e de coloração verde clara. O epicótilo é cilíndrico e levemente esverdeado. As sementes são exalbuminosas, reniformes ou cubóides, apresentam tegumento em diferentes cores, com germinação do tipo epigéia e fanerocotiledonar. O número cromossômico diplóide é 2n = 22 cromossomos para os doze genótipos. Três amostras mostraram como proposta de cariótipo a formulação 3M + 7SB + 1ST, quatro possuem 6M + 5SB, cinco apresentam formulações cariotípicas divergentes, sendo 5M + 5SB + 1ST, 4M + 6SB + 1ST, 8M + 3SB, 10M + 1SB, 9M + 2SB. A morfologia polínica evidenciou grãos de forma triangular-obtusa com contorno convexo, tricolpados e com protuberâncias relativamente distantes. As diferenças entre esses grãos restringem-se à quantidade de protuberâncias no genótipo 26 e quanto ao tamanho, que varia de 38,33 μm a 31,10 μm de diâmetro.
Twelve different genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) well-known as green been, obtained at UEG – University of Goiás State, Ipameri, GO Brazil were described morphologically, cytogenetically and palinologically. The morphologic evaluations evidenced a similar germination and cotyledon form, root system, and phyllotaxy in the first pair of leaves in the most of the analyzed samples. De differences appeared in the form, thickness, length, width, seed tegument color, and the hypocotyls superior portion pigmentation that are ways to effectuate the classification among several genotypes. The plantlets are angiosperms, dicotyledonous, have an initial root as glabra, free cotyledon, peciolate, crass, plan-convex, solid, and green-light color. The epicotyls is cylinder and slightly green. The seeds are unalbuminoses, reniforms or cuboids, present tegument in different colors, germination-like epigeous and fanerocotyledonous. The number of diploid chromosome is 2n=22 to all of twelve genotypes. Three samples showed as a cariotype proposal a 3M + 7SB + 1ST formula, while four presented the 6M + 5SB formula, five presented divergent cariotypic formula, being 5M + 5SB + 1ST, 4M + 6SB + 1ST, 8M + 3SB, 10M + 1SB, and 9M + 2SB. The polinic morphology evidenced triangular-obtuse grains shape having convex border, being trycolps and having ridges relatively distant. The differences between these grains are restricted to the ridges amount in the genotype 26 and by the size, varying from 38.33μm to 31.10μm diameter.
Twelve different genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) well-known as green been, obtained at UEG – University of Goiás State, Ipameri, GO Brazil were described morphologically, cytogenetically and palinologically. The morphologic evaluations evidenced a similar germination and cotyledon form, root system, and phyllotaxy in the first pair of leaves in the most of the analyzed samples. De differences appeared in the form, thickness, length, width, seed tegument color, and the hypocotyls superior portion pigmentation that are ways to effectuate the classification among several genotypes. The plantlets are angiosperms, dicotyledonous, have an initial root as glabra, free cotyledon, peciolate, crass, plan-convex, solid, and green-light color. The epicotyls is cylinder and slightly green. The seeds are unalbuminoses, reniforms or cuboids, present tegument in different colors, germination-like epigeous and fanerocotyledonous. The number of diploid chromosome is 2n=22 to all of twelve genotypes. Three samples showed as a cariotype proposal a 3M + 7SB + 1ST formula, while four presented the 6M + 5SB formula, five presented divergent cariotypic formula, being 5M + 5SB + 1ST, 4M + 6SB + 1ST, 8M + 3SB, 10M + 1SB, and 9M + 2SB. The polinic morphology evidenced triangular-obtuse grains shape having convex border, being trycolps and having ridges relatively distant. The differences between these grains are restricted to the ridges amount in the genotype 26 and by the size, varying from 38.33μm to 31.10μm diameter.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Feijão comum, Botânica - Morfologia, Leguminosa, Polen, Cariótipo, Genótipo, Cariotype, Genotype, Morphology, Papilionoideae, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pollen
Como citar
FERREIRA, Agmar Gonçalves. Caracterização morfológica, citogenética e palinológica de genótipos de feijão-vagem (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) - Fabaceae. 2008. x, 60 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.