Análise geoambiental da baixada santista da Ponta de Itaipu ao Maciço de Itatins (SP)
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Data
2004-12-10
Autores
Menquini, Adenice [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A ocupação de espaço nas regiões costeiras constitui problemática de difícil solução, devido à complexidade de sua natureza. A rápida ocupação desordenada desses espaços, motivada pelo desenvolvimento econômico e potencializada por diferentes atividades turísticas, nessas últimas cinco décadas, resulta no desperdício de solo e recursos, que afetam os ecossistemas da área, provocando risco às populações fixa e flutuante. A análise geoambiental compreende a área entre a Ponta de Itaipu ao Maciço de Itatins, situada na linha de costa do Estado de São Paulo, na Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista. Voltada às unidades geomorfológicas praias, manguezais, morros e encosta, a análise fornece dados para conhecimento dos processos críticos de erosão, deslizamento e inundação existentes na área desse estudo. O levantamento desses dados auxilia a equação dos principais fatores geológicos e geomorfológicos que influenciam o controle das áreas onde ocorre a interação entre os complexos ecossistemas urbanos e os ecossistemas costeiros em equilíbrio dinâmico. O estudo compreende diferentes fases: reconstrução histórica da colonização, emancipação dos municípios que integram a área de estudo, análise das características de ocupação, bem como a comparação de fotografias aéreas (1962 com 2002) e trabalho de campo. Assim, foram identificados dezesseis pontos de áreas críticas, constatando-se que processos críticos têm origem no uso indevido do solo, principalmente no desmatamento. Para a racionalização do uso do solo e recursos, que preservam os ecossistemas, minimizam e até evitam risco à população, propõe-se que seja trabalhada a cultura de segurança, indicada no Planejamento Ambiental dos programas direcionados ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável, contida na Agenda 21, que trata da Promoção do Desenvolvimento Sustentável...
The space occupation in coastal regions is always a difficult problem to be solved due to the environmental complexity of these areas. The rapid and disorganized occupation in the studied area is due to the economic development and by tourist activities in these last fifty decades. These combined actions had a direct impact into soil waste and other resources that affect the whole area ecosystems leading to risks to the fixed and seasoning population. A geoenvironment analysis was carried on in the coastal line of the São Paulo State between the Ponta de Itaipu and Maciço de Itatins located in the Região Metropolitana of the Baixada Santista. This analysis had been concentrated in the geomorphological units of beaches, mangroves and topographic elevated terrains within, this area, and its results leads to better understanding of the critical processes of erosion, floods and landslides presently in action. The resulting data also allows to the better knowledge of main geologic and geomorphologic factors equation that affects these areas where we have the interaction of complex urban ecosystems and coastal ecosystems of dynamic equilibrium. The historical reconstruction from the beginning of the colonial time to the present days with the analysis of the specific characteristics of the different types of occupation, the comparison of air photos dated from 1962 to those of 2002 and field work, allowed to the identification of sixteen critical points in this area. The critical processes is mainly a result of the undue soil management specially its deforestation. It is here proposed to these areas the use of the principle of safety culture as indicated by the Environmental Planning as mentioned in the Sustentation Development Program inside of the Agenda 21 that deals with the promotion of the sustainable development of the humans enrolments... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned electronic address)
The space occupation in coastal regions is always a difficult problem to be solved due to the environmental complexity of these areas. The rapid and disorganized occupation in the studied area is due to the economic development and by tourist activities in these last fifty decades. These combined actions had a direct impact into soil waste and other resources that affect the whole area ecosystems leading to risks to the fixed and seasoning population. A geoenvironment analysis was carried on in the coastal line of the São Paulo State between the Ponta de Itaipu and Maciço de Itatins located in the Região Metropolitana of the Baixada Santista. This analysis had been concentrated in the geomorphological units of beaches, mangroves and topographic elevated terrains within, this area, and its results leads to better understanding of the critical processes of erosion, floods and landslides presently in action. The resulting data also allows to the better knowledge of main geologic and geomorphologic factors equation that affects these areas where we have the interaction of complex urban ecosystems and coastal ecosystems of dynamic equilibrium. The historical reconstruction from the beginning of the colonial time to the present days with the analysis of the specific characteristics of the different types of occupation, the comparison of air photos dated from 1962 to those of 2002 and field work, allowed to the identification of sixteen critical points in this area. The critical processes is mainly a result of the undue soil management specially its deforestation. It is here proposed to these areas the use of the principle of safety culture as indicated by the Environmental Planning as mentioned in the Sustentation Development Program inside of the Agenda 21 that deals with the promotion of the sustainable development of the humans enrolments... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned electronic address)
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Geografia física - Aspectos ambientais, Regiões costeiras, Ocupação humana desordenada, Análise geoambiental, Planejamento urbano, Coastal regions, Disorganized human occupation, Natural hazards, Geoenvironmental analysis, Urban planning
Como citar
MENQUINI, Adenice. Análise geoambiental da baixada santista da Ponta de Itaipu ao Maciço de Itatins (SP). 2004. 2 v. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2004.