Os Planos Nacionais de Desenvolvimento e a institucionalização da ciência durante a ditadura militar (1964-1985): a defesa de uma ciência nacional pela comunidade científica brasileira
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Data
2013-08-21
Autores
Boscariol, Gabriel Amabile [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A política da ciência nacional que se desenvolveu durante os governos militares nos anos de 1964 a1985 contava com uma comunidade científica atuante, que defendia sua concepção de ciência apontando como esta deveria ser elaborada ao mesmo tempo em que era cooptada a aceitar as propostas do regime militar, a quem assessoravam. Essa comunidade era representada pela Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (SBPC), que tentou participar da formulação dos planos defendendo uma visão de ciência para o Brasil que não era compartilhada pelo governo. Conforme o aumento de seu prestígio e do número de filiados, a importância dessa entidade enquanto representante da comunidade científica foi fortalecida. Nesse contexto, visamos o estudo de como foi implantada a política científica durante o regime militar e como a comunidade científica reagiu a essa política.Para tanto utilizaremos por meio da análise da revista Ciência e Cultura, publicada pela SBPC e das discussões as quais participou na elaboração dessas políticas. Discutimos aqui, para tanto, a elaboração dos Planos Nacionais de Desenvolvimento (PND) pelos governos militares por meio da documentação sobre suas instituições e a literatura disponível sobre o assunto. Almejamos, assim, uma análise da história da comunidade científica e das ações do governo sobre a ciência, para contextualizar as políticas implantadas e o debate em voga durante a Ditadura Militar no Brasil. Nossa investigação se preocupou em entender o modelo de ciência que era exaltado pelos cientistas e pelo governo nesse período, sendo que os Militares viam a ciência enquanto recurso estratégico e os cientistas como grupo a ser cooptado para legitimar suas propostas de desenvolvimento, já para a comunidade científica representada pela SBPC defendiam uma ciência autônoma e que se preocupasse com os problemas particulares do país
The national science policy that was developed during the military governments (1964-1985). It had an active scientific community, that defend its idea on how this policy should be developed at the same time that this community was being co-opted to accept the proposals of the military regime, which they assisted. This community was represented mainly by the Brazilian Society for Science Progress (SBPC) that tried to participate in the development of the plans defending a vision of science for Brazil that was not shared by the government. As their prestige and number of affiliates increased, the importance of this entity, while being the representative of the scientific community, was strengthened. In this context, we aim to study how the scientific policy was implemented during the military regime and how the scientific community reacted to this policy through the analyses made by the SBPC and the discussions in which it participated during the debates about the creation of these policies. We discuss here, henceforth, the elaboration of the National Plans for Development (Planos Nacionais de desenvolvimento - PND) by the military governments through the documentation about its institutions and the available literature about the subject. We crave, therefore, for a historical analysis of the scientific community and the government actions regarding science, to put in perspective the adopted policies and the debate in question during the military dictatorship in Brazil. Our investigation tried to understand the scientific model that was praised by scientist and the government in this period, since the military saw science as a strategical asset and scientists as a group to be coopted to legitimize its development proposals, while the scientific community, comprised by the SBPC, wanted an autonomous science, which also had concerns about the particular problems of the country
The national science policy that was developed during the military governments (1964-1985). It had an active scientific community, that defend its idea on how this policy should be developed at the same time that this community was being co-opted to accept the proposals of the military regime, which they assisted. This community was represented mainly by the Brazilian Society for Science Progress (SBPC) that tried to participate in the development of the plans defending a vision of science for Brazil that was not shared by the government. As their prestige and number of affiliates increased, the importance of this entity, while being the representative of the scientific community, was strengthened. In this context, we aim to study how the scientific policy was implemented during the military regime and how the scientific community reacted to this policy through the analyses made by the SBPC and the discussions in which it participated during the debates about the creation of these policies. We discuss here, henceforth, the elaboration of the National Plans for Development (Planos Nacionais de desenvolvimento - PND) by the military governments through the documentation about its institutions and the available literature about the subject. We crave, therefore, for a historical analysis of the scientific community and the government actions regarding science, to put in perspective the adopted policies and the debate in question during the military dictatorship in Brazil. Our investigation tried to understand the scientific model that was praised by scientist and the government in this period, since the military saw science as a strategical asset and scientists as a group to be coopted to legitimize its development proposals, while the scientific community, comprised by the SBPC, wanted an autonomous science, which also had concerns about the particular problems of the country
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciencia, Ditadura, Desenvolvimento econômico, Brasil - Historia - 1964-1985, Economic development
Como citar
BOSCARIOL, Gabriel Amabile. Os Planos Nacionais de Desenvolvimento e a institucionalização da ciência durante a ditadura militar (1964-1985): a defesa de uma ciência nacional pela comunidade científica brasileira. 2013. 156 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2013.