Níveis de fósforo no desenvolvimento e produção de óleo essencial de Mentha piperita L. cultivada em solução nutritiva
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Data
2004-01-30
Autores
David, Evelize de Fátima Saraiva [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Para o estudo do desenvolvimento da Mentha piperita L. e da produção de seu óleo essencial, foram cultivadas plantas em solução nutritiva com diferentes níveis de fósforo, que constituíram diferentes tratamentos, aos quais as plantas foram submetidas. Para tanto, as plantas foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva no 2 Hoagland & Arnon (1950), na mesma solução com decréscimo de 50% e com acréscimo de 50% de fósforo. As variáveis número de folhas, comprimento de parte aérea, massa seca dos diferentes órgãos, área foliar, razão de área foliar, área foliar específica, taxa assimilatória liquida, taxa de crescimento relativo, razão de massa foliar, distribuição de massa seca, rendimento e composição de óleo essencial foram avaliadas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com três níveis de fósforo, cinco colheitas e quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x5. Para a análise do óleo essencial o delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x3. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey, com 5% de significância. O fator colheita foi avaliado por análise de regressão, exceto na avaliação da produção e composição do óleo essencial. As plantas submetidas ao maior nível de fósforo e igual a 91,5/183,0 mg L-1 apresentaram tendência de aumento do número de lâminas foliares, área foliar, massa seca de lâminas foliares, massa seca total e dos teores de mentona. As plantas submetidas ao nível intermediário de fósforo, igual a 57,5/115,0 mg L-1 apresentaram maior massa seca de caule mais pecíolos e maior teor de mentofurano. Quando as plantas foram submetidas ao menor nível de fósforo, igual a 28,7/57,5 mg L-1, foi maior a massa seca de raízes, massa seca de estolões, produção de óleo essencial e teores de mentol, acetato de mentila e pulegona...
To study the development of Mentha piperita L. and the production of essential oil plants were cultivated in nutritive solution under several levels of P. Original Hoagland & Arnon (1950) no 2 nutritive solution were one of the treatments, and the other experimental levels were this nutritive solution with 50% of the original P concentration, and added with 50% P over the original concentration. The variables evaluated were number of leaves, steam length, dry mass several organs, leaf area, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, net assimilatory rate, relative growth rate, leaf mass ratio, dry mass distribution. Essential oil yield and composition were also assessed. A randomized factorial design 3x5 were used, with there levels of phosphorus. for essential oil, a randomized 3x3 factorial design were used. Data analysis consisted in application of ANOVA followed by the Tukey test, using the level of significance of 5%. The crop factor was studied using regression analysis, except for essential oil yield and composition. Highest P levels, 91,5/183,0 mg L-1 resulted on significantly higher values for number of leaves, leaf area, leaf dry mass, total dry mass and content menthone. Plants cultivated under intermediate P levels, 57,5/115,0 mg L-1 had higher values for stem plus petiole dry mass, and content menthofuram. When submitted to the lower level of P, 28,7/57,5 mg L-1, root dry mass, steam dry mass, menthol, essential oil yield, menthyl acetate and pulegone content were highest. Physiological indexes as leaf area ratio, leaf mass ratio, dry mass distribution of plants cultivated under the intermediate P levels were higher than those found in the P level of 91,5/183 mg L-1. We concluded that the best period to crop this plant, aiming for a highest yield of essential oil, was 60 days after transplantation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
To study the development of Mentha piperita L. and the production of essential oil plants were cultivated in nutritive solution under several levels of P. Original Hoagland & Arnon (1950) no 2 nutritive solution were one of the treatments, and the other experimental levels were this nutritive solution with 50% of the original P concentration, and added with 50% P over the original concentration. The variables evaluated were number of leaves, steam length, dry mass several organs, leaf area, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, net assimilatory rate, relative growth rate, leaf mass ratio, dry mass distribution. Essential oil yield and composition were also assessed. A randomized factorial design 3x5 were used, with there levels of phosphorus. for essential oil, a randomized 3x3 factorial design were used. Data analysis consisted in application of ANOVA followed by the Tukey test, using the level of significance of 5%. The crop factor was studied using regression analysis, except for essential oil yield and composition. Highest P levels, 91,5/183,0 mg L-1 resulted on significantly higher values for number of leaves, leaf area, leaf dry mass, total dry mass and content menthone. Plants cultivated under intermediate P levels, 57,5/115,0 mg L-1 had higher values for stem plus petiole dry mass, and content menthofuram. When submitted to the lower level of P, 28,7/57,5 mg L-1, root dry mass, steam dry mass, menthol, essential oil yield, menthyl acetate and pulegone content were highest. Physiological indexes as leaf area ratio, leaf mass ratio, dry mass distribution of plants cultivated under the intermediate P levels were higher than those found in the P level of 91,5/183 mg L-1. We concluded that the best period to crop this plant, aiming for a highest yield of essential oil, was 60 days after transplantation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fósforo, Solução (Quimica), Essencias e oleos essenciais, Phosphorus, Solution (Chemistry), Essences and essential oils
Como citar
DAVID, Evelize de Fátima Saraiva. Níveis de fósforo no desenvolvimento e produção de óleo essencial de Mentha piperita L. cultivada em solução nutritiva. 2004. xviii, 159 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2004.