Anatomia foliar e influência da sazonalidade no óleo essencial de populações de Lychnophora pinaster Mart
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Data
2012-08-31
Autores
Isobe, Mônica Tiho Chisaki [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A espécie Lychnophora pinaster, espécie microendemica do Cerrado brasileiro, encontra-se na categoria vulnerável da lista vermelha das espécies ameaçadas de extinção da flora de Minas Gerais. Amplamente utilizada na medicina popular, esta espécie sofre o impacto do constante extrativismo desordenado e a degradação do seu ambiente natural. O objetivo deste tabalho foi avaliar a influência de duas épocas de colheita (verão e inverno) no rendimento e na composição química dos óleos essenciais de populações nativas de Lychnophora pinaster Mart e caracterizar morfologicamente as folhas e os tricomas glandulares, gerando informações relevantes para potencial uso da espécie. Foram amostradas três populações nativas de L. pinaster, oriundas dos municípios de Carrancas, Lavras e Itumirim no Estado de Minas Gerais. O óleo essencial das folhas de cada indivíduo foi extraído por hidrodestilação e analisados em cromatógrafo a gás acoplado a espectrômetro de massas (CG-EM, Shimadzu, QP-5000). Para a caracterização da anatomia foliar foram selecionadas folhas jovens e adultas de um indivíduo proveniente do banco de germoplasma localizado em Campinas-SP. Foram analisadas lâminas permanentes e semi-permanentes e realizados testes histoquímicos para identificar e localizar as principais classes químicas dos metabólitos presentes nas folhas. Todo o laminário obtido foi analisado em microscópio Olympus BX41 equipado com câmera digital Olympus C7070. As análises da morfologia do indumento foliar foram...
Lychnophora pinaster Mart is one of the microendemical species of the Brazilian Cerrado and it is in the vulnerable category of the Red List of endangered species of the Minas Gerais flora. Widely used in folk medicine, this species suffers the impact of constant non-organized extractivism and degradation of its natural environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of two harvest seasons (summer and winter) on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil from native populations of L. pinaster and the morphological characterization of the leaves and glandular trichomes, generating relevant information about the potential use of the species. Was sampled three native populations of L. pinaster, at Carrancas, Lavras and Itumirim localities in the State of Minas Gerais (Brazil). The essential oil from the leaves of each individual was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS, Shimadzu QP-5000). To characterize the leaf anatomy, old and young leaves were selected 4 from a single plant of the Campinas-SP germoplasm bank. We analyzed permanent and semipermanent slides and histochemical tests were performed to identify and locate the main chemical classes of metabolites present in the leaves. The entire slide collection obtained was analyzed in Olympus BX41 microscope equipped with Olympus C7070 digital camera. The morphological analysis of the leaf indumentum was performed in scanning electron microscope (SEM), FEI Quanta 200 (Philips). The results of seasonality showed no significant difference in the average yield of the essential oil production within populations, but we observed a lower average yield of essential oil in the population from Carrancas. Trans-methyl cinnamate and trans-caryophyllene were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Lychnophora pinaster Mart is one of the microendemical species of the Brazilian Cerrado and it is in the vulnerable category of the Red List of endangered species of the Minas Gerais flora. Widely used in folk medicine, this species suffers the impact of constant non-organized extractivism and degradation of its natural environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of two harvest seasons (summer and winter) on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil from native populations of L. pinaster and the morphological characterization of the leaves and glandular trichomes, generating relevant information about the potential use of the species. Was sampled three native populations of L. pinaster, at Carrancas, Lavras and Itumirim localities in the State of Minas Gerais (Brazil). The essential oil from the leaves of each individual was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS, Shimadzu QP-5000). To characterize the leaf anatomy, old and young leaves were selected 4 from a single plant of the Campinas-SP germoplasm bank. We analyzed permanent and semipermanent slides and histochemical tests were performed to identify and locate the main chemical classes of metabolites present in the leaves. The entire slide collection obtained was analyzed in Olympus BX41 microscope equipped with Olympus C7070 digital camera. The morphological analysis of the leaf indumentum was performed in scanning electron microscope (SEM), FEI Quanta 200 (Philips). The results of seasonality showed no significant difference in the average yield of the essential oil production within populations, but we observed a lower average yield of essential oil in the population from Carrancas. Trans-methyl cinnamate and trans-caryophyllene were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Arnica, Folhas - Anatomia, Plantas uteis, Essencias e oleos essenciais, Germoplasma vegetal - Recursos
Como citar
ISOBE, Mônica Tiho Chisaki. Anatomia foliar e influência da sazonalidade no óleo essencial de populações de Lychnophora pinaster Mart. 2012. xi, 93 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.