Fertirrigação e controle da salinidade no cultivo de beterraba em ambiente protegido
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Data
2012-07-30
Autores
Silva, Alexsandro Oliveira da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso em execesso de fertilizantes em cultivo sobre ambiente protegido pode levar à salinização, e esse processo pode ser monitorado pela condutividade elétrica na solução do solo. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização de extratores em cápsulas porosas no manejo da fertirrigação e no controle do processo de salinização em cultivo de beterraba (Beta vulgaris L.). Duas cultivares de beterraba (Early Wonder Tall Top e Itapuã) foram avaliadas em função de dois manejos de fertirrigação, sendo o primeiro o manejo tradicional utilizado pelos produtores rurais e o segundo com uso de extratores de solução do solo para controle da salinidade. O experimento foi realizado em vasos de 14 L e salinizados artificialmente a diferentes níveis de condutividade elétrica no extrato de saturação (1,0; 3,0; 6,0; 9,0; 12,0; dSm-1). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o controle através de extratores em cápsulas porosas é eficiente no monitoramento de solos com problemas de salinização. Observou-se também que o controle da solução do solo em níveis de condutividade elétrica desejados, proporcionou um efeito benéfico no cultivo da beterraba evitando desequilíbrios iônicos e salinização do solo. O cultivo em ambiente protegido proporcionou menor consumo hídrico e coeficiente de cultivo do que os citados na literatura para cultivo convencional. Os manejos da fertirrigação utilizados proporcionaram efeitos significativos nas variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento e produtividade da...
The excessive use of fertilizers in farming on protected environment can lead to salinization, and this process can be monitored by electrical conductivity in the soil solution. The present study was carried out to evaluate the extraction of soil solution by porous cups, which were used with the purpose to manage the fertigation and control the salinization in beet crop (Beta vulgaris L.) Two beet cultivars (Early Wonder Tall Top and Itapuã) were evaluated against two fertigation managements, the first being the traditional management used by farmers and the second with the use of soil solution extractors to control salinity. The experiment was carried out in 14 L pots and artificially salinized with different levels of electrical conductivity in the saturation extract (1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0, dS m-1). The results obtained show that control through porous cup extractors is effective in monitoring soil salinization problems. It was also observed that control of soil solution at desired levels of electrical conductivity, provided a beneficial effect in the beet cultivation avoiding ionic imbalance and salinization. The protected cultivation resulted in less water consumption and crop coefficient than those reported in the literature for conventional farming. The fertigation managements used offered significant effects on variables related to the growth and yield of beet, possibly due to increased fertilizer which increased soil salinity and caused nutrient imbalances in plants. The relative yield of the trees showed a drop from the salinity threshold... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The excessive use of fertilizers in farming on protected environment can lead to salinization, and this process can be monitored by electrical conductivity in the soil solution. The present study was carried out to evaluate the extraction of soil solution by porous cups, which were used with the purpose to manage the fertigation and control the salinization in beet crop (Beta vulgaris L.) Two beet cultivars (Early Wonder Tall Top and Itapuã) were evaluated against two fertigation managements, the first being the traditional management used by farmers and the second with the use of soil solution extractors to control salinity. The experiment was carried out in 14 L pots and artificially salinized with different levels of electrical conductivity in the saturation extract (1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0, dS m-1). The results obtained show that control through porous cup extractors is effective in monitoring soil salinization problems. It was also observed that control of soil solution at desired levels of electrical conductivity, provided a beneficial effect in the beet cultivation avoiding ionic imbalance and salinization. The protected cultivation resulted in less water consumption and crop coefficient than those reported in the literature for conventional farming. The fertigation managements used offered significant effects on variables related to the growth and yield of beet, possibly due to increased fertilizer which increased soil salinity and caused nutrient imbalances in plants. The relative yield of the trees showed a drop from the salinity threshold... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Beterraba, Salinidade, Fertirrigação, Irrigation, Salinity
Como citar
SILVA, Alexsandro Oliveira da. Fertirrigação e controle da salinidade no cultivo de beterraba em ambiente protegido. 2012. xviii, 136 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.