Diferentes condições de estresse hídrico no desenvolvimento de milhos transgênico e convencional
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Data
2013-09-23
Autores
Coelho, Hugo Alexandre [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O milho (Zea mays L.), uma das gramíneas de maior importância econômica do mundo, é cultivado em países de clima tropical, subtropical e de clima temperado. No Brasil a produção de milho tem-se caracterizado pela divisão em duas épocas de semeadura, a semeadura de verão, ou primeira safra, e mais recentemente, temos a produção obtida na safrinha, ou segunda safra. O estresse hídrico é a maior fonte de instabilidade do rendimento de grãos de milho, em áreas de milho, e as estimativas de perdas na produção de milho, causadas pelo déficit hídrico, estão entre 14% e 28% do total produzido, estudos envolvendo o milho nesse segmento podem trazer melhorias no rendimento da cultura em diversas regiões. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos fisiológicos, biométricos e produtivos do estresse hídrico no híbrido de milho 2B587 e seu isogênico 2B587 Hx. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido do Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais - Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, campus de Botucatu, SP. Localizado entre os paralelos 22º30’ a 23º05’ de latitude sul e os meridianos 48º15’ a 48º52' de longitude Oeste de Greenwich, e altitude média de 830 metros. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 5 repetições, em esquema fatorial 2 X 4, sendo o primeiro fator o híbrido de milho convencional e o híbrido de milho transgênico (Hx), e o segundo fator representa os quatro diferentes estresse hídrico, correspondentes a irrigar quando a tensão de água no solo atingir 16.6, 22.4, 31.1, 45.2 Kpa. Conclui-se que o fator água é de extrema importância para a desenvolvimento do milho, sendo...
The corn (Zea mays L.), is one of the most economically important grasses of the world, is grown in tropical, subtropical and temperate countries. In Brazil, corn production has been characterized according to two different seasons of sowing: summer plantation, or first crop-rotation, and “safrinha” or second crop, most recently implemented in the system of cultivation of maize. Drought stress is a major source of instability in the yield of maize, and estimates of losses in maize production caused by water deficit are between 14 % and 28 % of total production. Studies developed in different regions in the country can help to improve crop yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological, biometric and productive effects of water stress in both maize hybrid variety and its isogenic 2B587 2B587 Hx. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Department of Soil and Environmental Resources - College of Agricultural Sciences of UNESP, Botucatu, SP. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications in a factorial 2 X 4. The first factor was the conventional hybrid corn and hybrid transgenic maize (Hx), and the second factor represented the four different water stress conditions, corresponding to irrigate when the soil water tension reached 16.6 , 22.4 , 31.1 and 45.2 kPa . It can be concluded that the water factor is of utmost importance for the development of corn. The increase of water stress condition in the plant caused a large decrease in productivity. It shows that it is inevitable the proper crop management and monitoring, in order to focus on the efficient use of water resources and to be able to explore the maximum potential of maize productivity
The corn (Zea mays L.), is one of the most economically important grasses of the world, is grown in tropical, subtropical and temperate countries. In Brazil, corn production has been characterized according to two different seasons of sowing: summer plantation, or first crop-rotation, and “safrinha” or second crop, most recently implemented in the system of cultivation of maize. Drought stress is a major source of instability in the yield of maize, and estimates of losses in maize production caused by water deficit are between 14 % and 28 % of total production. Studies developed in different regions in the country can help to improve crop yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological, biometric and productive effects of water stress in both maize hybrid variety and its isogenic 2B587 2B587 Hx. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Department of Soil and Environmental Resources - College of Agricultural Sciences of UNESP, Botucatu, SP. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications in a factorial 2 X 4. The first factor was the conventional hybrid corn and hybrid transgenic maize (Hx), and the second factor represented the four different water stress conditions, corresponding to irrigate when the soil water tension reached 16.6 , 22.4 , 31.1 and 45.2 kPa . It can be concluded that the water factor is of utmost importance for the development of corn. The increase of water stress condition in the plant caused a large decrease in productivity. It shows that it is inevitable the proper crop management and monitoring, in order to focus on the efficient use of water resources and to be able to explore the maximum potential of maize productivity
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho - Irrigação, Plantas transgênicas, Milho - Aspectos fisiológicos, Biotecnologia agricola, Irrigation
Como citar
COELHO, Hugo Alexandre. Diferentes condições de estresse hídrico no desenvolvimento de milhos transgênico e convencional. 2013. vii, 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado)- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.