Manutenção preditiva de motores de combustão interna, à gasolina, através da técnica de análise de lubrificantes
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Data
2007-11-05
Autores
Malpica, Luis Gustavo Torquatro [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Em um motor de combustão interna todas as peças possuem uma vida útil prevista, sendo essa duração maior ou menor, de acordo com a função específica a elas atribuída. Cada uma das peças tem a sua vida pré-determinada que, em condições normais de funcionamento de todo o conjunto, atende as expectativas. Pela análise do óleo podem-se monitorar as condições destas peças. A técnica de análise de óleo é um tipo de manutenção preditiva. Ela pode ser feita coletando-se o óleo de um equipamento e analisando-o posteriormente ou analisando-o diretamente em sistemas “on line”. A análise dos óleos permite identificar os primeiros sintomas de desgaste de um componente. A identificação é feita a partir do estudo da quantidade de partículas, tamanho, forma e composição, que forneceram informações precisas sobre as condições das superfícies em movimento sem a necessidade de se desmontar o conjunto a qual estas partes pertencem. Tais partículas sólidas são geradas pelo atrito dinâmico entre peças em contato. De acordo com o estudo destas partículas pode-se relacionar as situações de desgastes do conjunto e atribuí-las a condições físicas e químicas. A análise dos óleos é feita por meio de técnicas laboratoriais que envolvem, reagentes, instrumentos e equipamentos. Assim, para se estudar a manutenção preditiva em motores de combustão interna, foi feito um estudo teórico sobre estes motores, sobre os lubrificantes, sobre os problemas e possíveis causas associados a falhas destes, sobre os tipos de manutenção preditivas aplicadas a estes e sobre trabalhos que tratam da manutenção preditiva em motores realizados por outros autores. Para auxiliar os estudos foi proposta a construção de duas bancadas de ensaios compostas de motores de quatro tempos, a gasolina, acoplados a um redutor de velocidades para fornecer carga aos mesmos...
In an internal combustion engine every pieces have a foreseen useful life. This duration is large or small according to the specific function to them attributed. Each piece has its own pre determined life that in normal operation conditions of the set attend to the expectations. By oil analysis one can monitor the pieces conditions. The oil analysis technique is a type of predictive maintenance. It can be done collecting the oil of an equipment and analyzing it latter on or analyzing it directly in systems “on line”. The oil analysis allows identifying the early symptoms of a component wear. The identification is done starting from the study of the particle quantity, size, forms and composition that supplies precise information about the moving superficial conditions without the need of disassembling the set which these parts belong to. Such solid particles are generated by dynamic friction among pieces in contact. According to the study of those particle one can relate the wear set situation and to attribute them to physical and chemical conditions. The oil analysis is done by means of laboratories techniques that involve reagent, instruments and equipments. So, to study the predictive maintenance in internal combustion engine it was done a theoretical study about those engine, about lubricants, about problems and possible causes related to fault of them, about the types of predictive maintenance associated to them and about papers that deal to predictive maintenance in internal combustion engine. To aid the studies it was proposed the construction of two test rig composed of gasoline four cycle internal combustion engine coupled to a reducer to supply load to them. In the first test rig it was used an internal combustion engine in advanced state of deterioration and on the second one it was used a new internal combustion engine. The results showed that even in advanced state ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
In an internal combustion engine every pieces have a foreseen useful life. This duration is large or small according to the specific function to them attributed. Each piece has its own pre determined life that in normal operation conditions of the set attend to the expectations. By oil analysis one can monitor the pieces conditions. The oil analysis technique is a type of predictive maintenance. It can be done collecting the oil of an equipment and analyzing it latter on or analyzing it directly in systems “on line”. The oil analysis allows identifying the early symptoms of a component wear. The identification is done starting from the study of the particle quantity, size, forms and composition that supplies precise information about the moving superficial conditions without the need of disassembling the set which these parts belong to. Such solid particles are generated by dynamic friction among pieces in contact. According to the study of those particle one can relate the wear set situation and to attribute them to physical and chemical conditions. The oil analysis is done by means of laboratories techniques that involve reagent, instruments and equipments. So, to study the predictive maintenance in internal combustion engine it was done a theoretical study about those engine, about lubricants, about problems and possible causes related to fault of them, about the types of predictive maintenance associated to them and about papers that deal to predictive maintenance in internal combustion engine. To aid the studies it was proposed the construction of two test rig composed of gasoline four cycle internal combustion engine coupled to a reducer to supply load to them. In the first test rig it was used an internal combustion engine in advanced state of deterioration and on the second one it was used a new internal combustion engine. The results showed that even in advanced state ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tribologia, Oleos lubrificantes, Mecanica dos solidos, Desgaste mecanico, Predictive maintenance, Wear particles, Lubricant analysis, Tribology, Internal combustion engine
Como citar
MALPICA, Luis Gustavo Torquatro. Manutenção preditiva de motores de combustão interna, à gasolina, através da técnica de análise de lubrificantes. 2007. 111 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2007.