Detecção de genes de beta-lactamases de amplo espectro em Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistentes aos carbapenêmicos isoladas em São José do Rio Preto - SP
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Data
2010-03-05
Autores
Polotto, Milena [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Pseudomonas aeruginosa é um bacilo Gram-negativo, aeróbio, não formador de esporos encontrado no solo, água, plantas e animais, incluindo os seres humanos, onde provoca infecções oportunistas. Infecções causadas por P. aeruginosa são de difícil tratamento devido a sua virulência e resistência a vários antimicrobianos. Os carbapenêmicos são geralmente ativos contra P. aeruginosa multirresistentes, mas as altas taxas de resistência a estas drogas estão se tornando comuns e podem indicar a produção de metalo-betalactamases (MβLs). O propósito deste estudo foi detectar e identificar, em cepas de P. aeruginosa resistentes a carbapenêmicos genes que codificam a produção de MβLs (blaSPM, blaIMP e blaVIM) e ESBLs (blaCTX-M e blaGES), e avaliar a similaridade genética entre as cepas. Foram avaliadas sessenta cepas de P. aeruginosa resistentes aos carbapenêmicos isoladas de pacientes do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, no período de junho de 2009 a dezembro de 2009. Os testes de sensibilidade foram realizados de acordo com a padronização do “Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute” (CLSI) (2009) utilizando o método de disco-difusão. O teste fenotípico para a produção de MβLs foi realizado através do método de aproximação de discos, com os substratos ceftazidima e imipenem e com o inibidor de MβLs 2-MPA. A detecção dos genes de MβLs blaIMP, blaVIM e blaSPM e de ESBLs blaCTX-M e blaGES foi realizada por PCR, e a identificação através de seqüenciamento. A avaliação da similaridade genética entre as cepas foi realizada nas amostras produtoras de MβL e ESBLs do tipo CTX-M através de PFGE. No teste de suscetibilidade por disco-difusão 98,3% (59/60) das cepas apresentaram resistência ao imipenem e 75% (45/60) ao meropenem. Polimixina B foi o único agente a inibir o crescimento de 100% das amostras...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile microorganism, with low nutritional demands and easy proliferation in culture medium. It’s a Gram-negative bacillus, aerobic, nonsporulated and it can be isolated from soil, water, plants and animals, including humans. P. aeruginosa infections are hard to treat because of its virulence and resistance to various antimicrobials. Carbapenens are usually active against multiresistant P. aeruginosa, but high levels of resistance to these antibiotics are becoming common and it can indicate metallo-beta-lactamases presence (MβLs). The purpose of this study was to detect and identify, in P. aeruginosa strains, MβL and ESBL encoding genes (blaSPM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaCTX-M and blaGES) and to determine genetic similarity between the carrier strains. The study was done analyzing sixty P. aeruginosa strains resistant to carbapenens isolated at Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, in the period of june/2009 to December/2009. The isolates were submitted to disc-diffusion susceptibility test, as standardized by the “Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute” (CLSI) (2009). The phenotypic test for MβL production was performed by means of the double disk synergy method, having ceftazidime and imipenem used as substratum and 2-MPA as an inhibitor. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the MβLs genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSPM) and the ESBL genes (blaCTX-M and blaGES) and sequencing was carried out for their identification. The genetic similarity between the strains was evaluated in samples which were positive for MβLs and ESBLs genes using the PFGE technique. In disc-diffusion susceptibility test, 98,3% (59/60) of the strains were imipenem resistant and 75% (45/60) were meropenem resistant. All isolates were inhibited by Polymixin B. Tracheal aspirate were the most frequent isolated clinic specimen, with 40% (24/60) of total.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile microorganism, with low nutritional demands and easy proliferation in culture medium. It’s a Gram-negative bacillus, aerobic, nonsporulated and it can be isolated from soil, water, plants and animals, including humans. P. aeruginosa infections are hard to treat because of its virulence and resistance to various antimicrobials. Carbapenens are usually active against multiresistant P. aeruginosa, but high levels of resistance to these antibiotics are becoming common and it can indicate metallo-beta-lactamases presence (MβLs). The purpose of this study was to detect and identify, in P. aeruginosa strains, MβL and ESBL encoding genes (blaSPM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaCTX-M and blaGES) and to determine genetic similarity between the carrier strains. The study was done analyzing sixty P. aeruginosa strains resistant to carbapenens isolated at Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, in the period of june/2009 to December/2009. The isolates were submitted to disc-diffusion susceptibility test, as standardized by the “Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute” (CLSI) (2009). The phenotypic test for MβL production was performed by means of the double disk synergy method, having ceftazidime and imipenem used as substratum and 2-MPA as an inhibitor. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the MβLs genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSPM) and the ESBL genes (blaCTX-M and blaGES) and sequencing was carried out for their identification. The genetic similarity between the strains was evaluated in samples which were positive for MβLs and ESBLs genes using the PFGE technique. In disc-diffusion susceptibility test, 98,3% (59/60) of the strains were imipenem resistant and 75% (45/60) were meropenem resistant. All isolates were inhibited by Polymixin B. Tracheal aspirate were the most frequent isolated clinic specimen, with 40% (24/60) of total.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microbiologia médica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antibioticos beta-lactamicos, Infeccão hospitalar, Metallo-beta-lactamases, Carbapenens, Nosocomial infection, Resistance
Como citar
POLOTTO, Milena. Detecção de genes de beta-lactamases de amplo espectro em Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistentes aos carbapenêmicos isoladas em São José do Rio Preto - SP. 2010. 61 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2010.