Efeitos da associação de dexmedetomidina à ropivacaína 0,75% na anestesia peridural
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Data
2008-02-28
Autores
Salgado, Paula Fialho Saraiva [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os efeitos clínicos e o potencial sinergismo entre a dexmedetomidina e a ropivacaína ainda não foram estudados em pacientes sob anestesia peridural. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características clínicas da anestesia peridural realizada com ropivacaína associada à dexmedetomidina. Método – Quarenta pacientes, estado físico ASA 1 ou 2, submetidos à correção cirúrgica de hérnia inguinal ou varizes de membros inferiores sob anestesia peridural, participaram deste estudo duplamente encoberto. Os pacientes foram divididos em: Grupo Controle (n = 20), ropivacaína 0,75%, 20 mL (150 mg); e Grupo Dexmedetomidina (n = 20), ropivacaína 0,75%, 20 mL (150 mg), mais dexmedetomidina, 1 mg.kg-1. As seguintes variáveis foram estudadas: tempo de latência do bloqueio sensitivo, nível (dermátomo) máximo de anestesia, tempo de duração dos bloqueios analgésico e motor, intensidade do bloqueio motor, nível de sedação, variáveis hemodinâmicas intrer- e pósoperatórias, analgesia pós-operatória e ocorrência de efeitos colaterais. Resultados – A dexmedetomidina não influenciou o tempo de latência da anestesia nem o nível máximo do bloqueio sensitivo (p > 0,05), mas prolongou o tempo de duração dos bloqueios analgésico e motor (p < 0,05) e da 8 analgesia pós-operatória (p < 0,05), além de determinar bloqueio motor de maior intensidade (p < 0,05). Os valores do índice bispectral foram menores no Grupo Dexmedetomidina (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença na incidência de hipotensão arterial e de bradicardia (p > 0,05). A ocorrência de efeitos colaterais (tremor, náuseas e SpO2 < 90%) foi baixa e semelhante entre os grupos (p > 0,05). Há sinergismo evidente entre a dexmedetomidina e a ropivacaína na anestesia peridural. A dexmedetomidina aumentou o tempo de duração dos bloqueios analgésico e motor, prolongou a analgesia pósoperatória, intensificou...
Clinical effects and the potential synergism between dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine have not been studied in patients undergoing epidural anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of the epidural anesthesia performed with 0.75% ropivacaine associated with dexmedetomidine. Methods – Forty patients ASA physical status 1 and 2, scheduled for hernia repair or varicose vein surgeries under epidural anesthesia, participated in this double-blinded study. They were assigned for: Control Group (n = 20), 0.75% ropivacaine, 20 mL (150 mg); and Dexmedetomidine Group (n = 20), 0.75% ropivacaine, 20 mL (150 mg), plus dexmedetomidine, 1 mg.kg-1. The following variables were studied: total analgesic block onset time, upper level of analgesia, analgesic and motor block duration time, intensity of motor block, consciousness status, intra and postoperative hemodynamics, postoperative analgesia and incidence of side effects. Results – Epidural dexmedetomidine did not affect onset time nor the upper level of anesthesia (p > 0.05) but prolonged sensory and motor block duration time (p < 0.05) and postoperative analgesia (p < 0.05), and resulted in a more intense motor block, as well (p < 0.05). Values of bispectral index were lower in 10 Dexmedetomidine Group (p < 0.05).There was no difference in incidence of hypotension and bradycardia (p > 0.05). Side effects occurrence (shivering, vomiting and SpO2 < 90%) was low and similar between groups (p > 0.05). There is a clear synergism between epidural dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine. Dexmedetomidine increased sensory and motor block duration time, prolonged postoperative analgesia, enhanced motor block intensity, and did not cause hemodynamic instability. Sedation not associated with hypoxemia is an advantage of the association between ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine in epidural anesthesia.
Clinical effects and the potential synergism between dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine have not been studied in patients undergoing epidural anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of the epidural anesthesia performed with 0.75% ropivacaine associated with dexmedetomidine. Methods – Forty patients ASA physical status 1 and 2, scheduled for hernia repair or varicose vein surgeries under epidural anesthesia, participated in this double-blinded study. They were assigned for: Control Group (n = 20), 0.75% ropivacaine, 20 mL (150 mg); and Dexmedetomidine Group (n = 20), 0.75% ropivacaine, 20 mL (150 mg), plus dexmedetomidine, 1 mg.kg-1. The following variables were studied: total analgesic block onset time, upper level of analgesia, analgesic and motor block duration time, intensity of motor block, consciousness status, intra and postoperative hemodynamics, postoperative analgesia and incidence of side effects. Results – Epidural dexmedetomidine did not affect onset time nor the upper level of anesthesia (p > 0.05) but prolonged sensory and motor block duration time (p < 0.05) and postoperative analgesia (p < 0.05), and resulted in a more intense motor block, as well (p < 0.05). Values of bispectral index were lower in 10 Dexmedetomidine Group (p < 0.05).There was no difference in incidence of hypotension and bradycardia (p > 0.05). Side effects occurrence (shivering, vomiting and SpO2 < 90%) was low and similar between groups (p > 0.05). There is a clear synergism between epidural dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine. Dexmedetomidine increased sensory and motor block duration time, prolonged postoperative analgesia, enhanced motor block intensity, and did not cause hemodynamic instability. Sedation not associated with hypoxemia is an advantage of the association between ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine in epidural anesthesia.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anestesia epidural, Anestesicos
Como citar
SALGADO, Paula Fialho Saraiva. Efeitos da associação de dexmedetomidina à ropivacaína 0,75% na anestesia peridural. 2008. 129 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2008.