Influência da granulometria da matéria-prima e da configuração da extrusora no conteúdo de amido resistente, digestibilidade, fermentação intestinal e respostas metabólicas de cães
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2013-09-09
Autores
Roberti Filho, Fernando de Oliveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Durante a extrusão dos alimentos, o tamanho das partículas de cereais e a configuração da extrusora induzem a alterações físicas nos ingredientes, alterando sua absorção e metabolismo, com possíveis benefícios à saúde. Este estudo comparou para cães dietas à base de milho com quatro diferentes diâmetros geométricos médios (DGM), extrusadas sob duas configurações distintas, quanto à digestibilidade dos nutrientes e da energia, respostas pós-prandiais de glicose e insulina, produtos de fermentação e composição microbiana das fezes. Foi formulada ração para manutenção de cães (56% milho, 29% farinha vísceras frango, 8,5% gordura de aves, 3% fibra de cana), moída em moinho de martelos com peneiras de 0,5mm, 0,8mm, 1,4mm e 2mm, resultando em DGM de 169±2μm, 248±2μm, 252±2μm e 290±2μm. Estas quatro rações com diferentes tamanhos de partícula foram extrusadas em duas configurações diferentes, com matriz com área aberta de saída de 64mm2 ou 24mm2, gerando oito tratamentos. Foi avaliada a porcentagem de gelatinização do amido e de amido resistente das rações, sendo estas testadas em seis cães cada uma. A digestibilidade foi avaliada por coleta total de fezes, a enumeração de bactérias das fezes por cultivo, a resposta pós-prandial ao alimento após 12h de jejum (os cães receberam alimento suficiente para consumir 7g amido/kg0,75, em 15min, sendo avaliados por 6h). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância considerando-se os feitos de DGM, configuração de extrusora e suas interações, sendo as médias comparadas por contrastes polinomiais (DGM) ou pelo teste F (configuração da extrusora) (P < 0,05). A gelatinização do amido aumentou com a redução na área aberta de saída da matriz (74% versus 81%) e com a redução do DGM (69% versus 86%), enquanto o oposto foi verificado para a porcentagem de amido resistente (3,4% versus 0,5%)...
During food extrusion, cereal particle size and extruder conformation can induce physical changes in ingredients under processing, altering its nutrient absorption and metabolism, and thereby may be possible benefits for animal health. This study compared for dogs a diet ground at four mean geometric diameters (MGD) and processed under two extruder conformations regarding nutrient digestibility, postprandial responses, fermentation products and microbial counts of faeces. A diet was formulated to meet dog maintenance (56% maize, 29% poultry meal, 8.5% poultry fat, 3% sugarcane fiber), and ground in a hammer mill fitted with screens with 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.4mm, and 2mm, resulting in foods with MGD of 169±2μm, 248±2μm, 252±2μm, and 290±2μm. This four particle sizes were then extruded under two conditions, with a diet output area of 64mm2 or 24mm2, adding up 8 treatments The degree of starch gelatinization and resistant starch of the foods was evaluated and each food was tested in 6 beagle dogs. Digestibility was measured by total collection of faeces, faecal bacteria enumeration was done by pour plate, postprandial response tested after 12h fast (dogs receive food enough to consume 7g of starch per kg BW0.75, in 15min, and was evaluated for 6h). Data was submitted to analysis of variance considering the MGD, extruded conformation and its interactions and means compared by polynomial contrasts (MGD) or the F test (extruder conformation) (P<0.05). The degree of starch gelatinization increased with the reduction of the extruder die output area (74% versus 81%) and the reduction of raw material MGD (69% versus 86%), and the opposite was verified for the resistant starch (3.4% versus 0.5%). For all nutrients and energy, except starch and fat, a linear decrease in digestibility was verified with raw material MGD increase (P<0.004), without effect of extruder conformation. Fecal dry matter, pH ...
During food extrusion, cereal particle size and extruder conformation can induce physical changes in ingredients under processing, altering its nutrient absorption and metabolism, and thereby may be possible benefits for animal health. This study compared for dogs a diet ground at four mean geometric diameters (MGD) and processed under two extruder conformations regarding nutrient digestibility, postprandial responses, fermentation products and microbial counts of faeces. A diet was formulated to meet dog maintenance (56% maize, 29% poultry meal, 8.5% poultry fat, 3% sugarcane fiber), and ground in a hammer mill fitted with screens with 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.4mm, and 2mm, resulting in foods with MGD of 169±2μm, 248±2μm, 252±2μm, and 290±2μm. This four particle sizes were then extruded under two conditions, with a diet output area of 64mm2 or 24mm2, adding up 8 treatments The degree of starch gelatinization and resistant starch of the foods was evaluated and each food was tested in 6 beagle dogs. Digestibility was measured by total collection of faeces, faecal bacteria enumeration was done by pour plate, postprandial response tested after 12h fast (dogs receive food enough to consume 7g of starch per kg BW0.75, in 15min, and was evaluated for 6h). Data was submitted to analysis of variance considering the MGD, extruded conformation and its interactions and means compared by polynomial contrasts (MGD) or the F test (extruder conformation) (P<0.05). The degree of starch gelatinization increased with the reduction of the extruder die output area (74% versus 81%) and the reduction of raw material MGD (69% versus 86%), and the opposite was verified for the resistant starch (3.4% versus 0.5%). For all nutrients and energy, except starch and fat, a linear decrease in digestibility was verified with raw material MGD increase (P<0.004), without effect of extruder conformation. Fecal dry matter, pH ...
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Cão - Nutrição, Amido, Insulina, Moagem, Dieta em veterinaria, Insulin
Como citar
ROBERTI FILHO, Fernando de Oliveira. Influência da granulometria da matéria-prima e da configuração da extrusora no conteúdo de amido resistente, digestibilidade, fermentação intestinal e respostas metabólicas de cães. 2013. viii, 54 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.