Elaboração e aplicação de questionário sobre saúde bucal, validado pela teoria de resposta ao item
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Data
2009-07-07
Autores
Francisco, Kléryson Martins Soares [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A adolescência é uma fase em que o indivíduo muitas vezes apresenta comportamentos negligentes em relação aos seus cuidados com a saúde, tendo um aumentado risco de cárie dentária e outras afecções bucais. A análise do nível de conhecimento dos adolescentes sobre saúde bucal e o levantamento das necessidades durante o planejamento das ações educativas são decisivos para o sucesso das atividades. Para avaliar o nível de conhecimento de uma população na qual se deseja intervir, a utilização de um instrumento adequado torna-se fundamental para que se tenha fidelidade dos resultados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o nível de conhecimento sobre saúde bucal de adolescentes escolares da 6ª série de escolas públicas do município de Araçatuba – SP, por meio de um questionário validado pela teoria de resposta ao item. Para isso, primeiramente utilizou-se da Técnica do Grupo Focal para avaliar o conhecimento de adolescentes a respeito de termos relacionados com a saúde bucal presentes na literatura científica. Os grupos focais foram constituídos de dez adolescentes, além de um moderador e um anotador. Posteriormente, de posse dos resultados dos grupos focais, foi elaborado um questionário, o qual foi padronizado através da teoria de resposta ao item (TRI), que permitiu identificar os itens que se apresentaram como discriminatórios das habilidades dos respondentes sobre o assunto abordando questões sobre saúde bucal. Este questionário foi aplicado a 827 adolescentes de 22 escolas. Nos grupos focais somente as palavras “placa bacteriana”, “flúor” e “gengiva sangra” causaram dúvidas entre os adolescentes. As respostas do questionário padronizado pela TRI, obteve um alto índice de acerto em todas as perguntas . Diante dos resultados apresentados, conclui-se que os adolescentes de Araçatuba possuem um alto nível de conhecimento sobre a saúde...
Adolescence is a stage where the individual often presents negligent conduct in relation to their health care, with a increased risk of dental caries and other oral diseases. The analysis of the level of knowledge about oral health of adolescents and removal of requirements during the planning of educational activities are critical to the success of activities. To assess the level of knowledge of a population in which they wish to speak, the use of an appropriate instrument it is essential to have fidelity results. This study examined the level of knowledge about oral health of school adolescents in 6th grade public schools in the municipality of Araçatuba - SP, using a questionnaire validated by the theory of item response. For this, first made use of the focus group technique to assess the knowledge of adolescents about terms related to oral health in the scientific literature. The focus groups consisted of ten teenagers, plus a moderator and a scholiast. Later, have the results of focus groups, a questionnaire was prepared, which was standardized by the item response theory (IRT), which identified the items that were presented as the discriminatory abilities of the respondents on the subject addressing issues oral health. This questionnaire was administered to 827 adolescents from 22 schools. In focus groups only the words plaque, fluoride and gums bleed caused doubts among adolescents. The answers to a standardized questionnaire by IRT, obtained a high rate of hits on all questions. The results presented, it appears that adolescents of Araçatuba have a high level of knowledge about oral health, and it was found that the technique of focus group was of great value in understanding the oral health of adolescents and can identify the attitudes and behavior in relation to this matter, and Theory of Response to Item was able to contribute significantly in the construction of assessment tools in dentistry.
Adolescence is a stage where the individual often presents negligent conduct in relation to their health care, with a increased risk of dental caries and other oral diseases. The analysis of the level of knowledge about oral health of adolescents and removal of requirements during the planning of educational activities are critical to the success of activities. To assess the level of knowledge of a population in which they wish to speak, the use of an appropriate instrument it is essential to have fidelity results. This study examined the level of knowledge about oral health of school adolescents in 6th grade public schools in the municipality of Araçatuba - SP, using a questionnaire validated by the theory of item response. For this, first made use of the focus group technique to assess the knowledge of adolescents about terms related to oral health in the scientific literature. The focus groups consisted of ten teenagers, plus a moderator and a scholiast. Later, have the results of focus groups, a questionnaire was prepared, which was standardized by the item response theory (IRT), which identified the items that were presented as the discriminatory abilities of the respondents on the subject addressing issues oral health. This questionnaire was administered to 827 adolescents from 22 schools. In focus groups only the words plaque, fluoride and gums bleed caused doubts among adolescents. The answers to a standardized questionnaire by IRT, obtained a high rate of hits on all questions. The results presented, it appears that adolescents of Araçatuba have a high level of knowledge about oral health, and it was found that the technique of focus group was of great value in understanding the oral health of adolescents and can identify the attitudes and behavior in relation to this matter, and Theory of Response to Item was able to contribute significantly in the construction of assessment tools in dentistry.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Conhecimentos, Adolescentes, Saúde bucal, Educação sanitária, Conhecimento, Adolescente, Educação em saúde, Knowledge, Adolescent, Oral health, Health education
Como citar
FRANCISCO, Kléryson Martins Soares. Elaboração e aplicação de questionário sobre saúde bucal, validado pela teoria de resposta ao item. 2009. 88 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2009.